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Lời giải:
Áp dụng TCDTSBN:
$\frac{a+b+c-d}{d}=\frac{b+c+d-a}{a}=\frac{c+d+a-b}{b}=\frac{d+a+b-c}{c}$
$=\frac{a+b+c-d+b+c+d-a+c+d+a-b+d+a+b-c}{d+a+b+c}$
$=\frac{2(a+b+c+d)}{a+b+c+d}=2$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c-d=2d; b+c+d-a=2a; c+d+a-b=2b; d+a+b-c=2c$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c=3d; b+c+d=3a; c+d+a=3b; d+a+b=3c$
Khi đó:
\(P=\frac{a+b+c}{a}.\frac{b+c+d}{b}.\frac{c+d+a}{c}.\frac{a+b+d}{d}\\ =\frac{3d}{a}.\frac{3a}{b}.\frac{3b}{c}.\frac{3c}{d}=81\)
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\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}\)\(=\frac{c+a-b}{b}\)
=> \(\frac{a+b}{c}-1=\frac{b+c}{a}-1\)\(=\frac{c+a}{b}-1\)
=>\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}\)
Xét 2 trường hợp
+) Nếu a+b+c \(\ne\)0
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}\)\(=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)(vì a+b+c \(\ne\)0)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\c +a=2b\end{cases}}=>a=b=c\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\c+a=2b\end{cases}}\)=> \(a=b=c\)
Thay vào B => B=\(\left(1+\frac{a}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{a}\right)\)=2.2.2= 8
+) Nếu a+b+c=0 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=-\left(b+c\right)\\b=-\left(a+c\right)\\c=-\left(a+b\right)\end{cases}}\)Thay vào B
B=\(\left(1+\frac{-\left(a+c\right)}{a}\right)\)\(\left(1+\frac{-\left(b+c\right)}{c}\right)\)\(\left(1+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{b}\right)\)
=>B= \(\frac{-c}{a}.\frac{-b}{c}.\frac{-a}{b}=-1\)( Vì a,b,c \(\ne\)0 nên abc\(\ne\)0)
Vậy B= 8 nếu a+b+c khác 0 ; B=-1 nếu a+b+c =0
Xin lỗi bạn mk thiếu ở trường hợp 1
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\c+b=2a\\a+c=2b\end{cases}}\)=>\(a=b=c\)
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\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{c+a-b}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b-c}{c}+1=\frac{b+c-a}{a}+1=\frac{c+a-b}{b}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}\)
+)Nếu a+b+c=0\(\Rightarrow a+b=-c;b+c=-a;c+a=-b\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{a+b}{a}.\frac{c+a}{c}.\frac{b+c}{b}=\frac{-c}{a}.\frac{-b}{c}.\frac{-a}{b}=\frac{-\left(abc\right)}{abc}=-1\)
Nếu \(a+b+ c\ne0\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=2c\)
\(b+ c=2a\)
\(c+a=2b\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{2c}{a}.\frac{2b}{c}.\frac{2a}{b}=2.2.2=8\)
mk nhầm 1+c/a
Ta có : \(a+b+c\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\a+c=-b\end{cases}\left(\cdot\right)}\)
\(\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right).\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right).\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{b+a}{b}.\frac{c+b}{c}.\frac{a+c}{a}\)
\(=\frac{-c}{b}.\frac{-a}{c}.\frac{-b}{a}\left(do\cdot\right)\)
\(=-1.-1.-1\)
\(=-1\)