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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(ac+bd=0\)
\(=\) \(abc^2+abd^2+cda^2+cdb^2\)
\(=\) \(ac\left(bc+ad\right)+bd\left(ad+bc\right)\)
\(=\) \(\left(bc+ad\right)\left(ac+bd\right)=0\) \([\) vì ac+bd = 0 \(]\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(ad+bc\right)\left(a^2d^2+b^2c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3d^3+adb^2c^2+bca^2d^2+b^3c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3d^3+abcd\left(bc+ad\right)+b^3c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3d^3+abcd.0+b^3c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3d^3+b^3c^3=0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có :
\(\left(a-b-c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\)
mà theo đề bài \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b-c\right)^2=-ab-bc-ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b-c\right)^2=-\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)
mà \(-\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
-Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{4}a^2+b^2\ge ab\\\dfrac{1}{4}a^2+c^2\ge ac\\\dfrac{1}{4}a^2+d^2\ge ad\end{matrix}\right.\)
-Cộng các vế, ta được:
\(\dfrac{3}{4}a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge ab+ac+ad\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+\dfrac{1}{4}a^2\ge ab+ac+ad\) (vì \(\dfrac{1}{4}a^2\ge0\forall a\))
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge ab+ac+ad\left(đpcm\right)\)
-Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d=0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Do \(VT\ge0\forall a;b;c\) mà \(VT=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Ta có đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Biến đổi vế trái ta có:
VT = ( a 2 + b 2 )( c 2 + d 2 )
= a 2 c 2 + a 2 d 2 + b 2 c 2 + b 2 d 2
= ( a 2 c 2 + 2abcd + b 2 d 2 ) + ( a 2 d2 – 2abcd + b 2 c 2 )
= a c + b d 2 + a d - b c 2 =VP
Vế phải bằng vế trái nên đẳng thức được chứng minh.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: a+b+c=0
nên a+b=-c
Ta có: \(a^2-b^2-c^2\)
\(=a^2-\left(b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=a^2-\left[\left(b+c\right)^2-2bc\right]\)
\(=a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2+2bc\)
\(=\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+2bc\)
\(=2bc\)
Ta có: \(b^2-c^2-a^2\)
\(=b^2-\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)
\(=b^2-\left[\left(c+a\right)^2-2ca\right]\)
\(=b^2-\left(c+a\right)^2+2ca\)
\(=\left(b-c-a\right)\left(b+c+a\right)+2ca\)
\(=2ac\)
Ta có: \(c^2-a^2-b^2\)
\(=c^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(=c^2-\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab\right]\)
\(=c^2-\left(a+b\right)^2+2ab\)
\(=\left(c-a-b\right)\left(c+a+b\right)+2ab\)
\(=2ab\)
Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-a^2-b^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\)
Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-cb+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
Thay \(a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\) vào biểu thức \(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\), ta được:
\(M=\dfrac{-3ab\left(a+b\right)}{2abc}=\dfrac{-3\left(a+b\right)}{2c}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3\cdot\left(-c\right)}{2c}=\dfrac{3c}{2c}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy: \(M=\dfrac{3}{2}\)