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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\right)\)
CMTT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{2a}+\dfrac{2}{2b}+\dfrac{2}{2c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(minM=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(2ab+a+b=2a^2+2b^2\ge2ab+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\)
\(F=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{ab}+2020\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2ab}+\dfrac{8080}{a+b}\ge a^2+b^2+\dfrac{8080}{a+b}\)
\(F\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{8080}{a+b}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{8072}{a+b}\)
\(F\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{16\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}+\dfrac{8072}{2}=...\)
\(a^2+2b^2+3=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2\ge2ab+2b+2=2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
Tương tự ...
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(ca+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{abc+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{ca.bc+a.bc+bc}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{1+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{c+1+bc}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c+1+bc}{1+bc+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(3-2a\right)\left(3-2b\right)\left(3-2c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9abc\ge12\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-27\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{9}{a\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{3+abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(a^2+b^2-ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2a-a^2}+\dfrac{1}{2b-b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2c-c^2}+3\\ =\dfrac{1}{2a-a^2}+\dfrac{1}{2b-b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2c-c^2}+3\\ =\left(\dfrac{1}{2a-a^2}+\dfrac{1}{2b-b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2c-c^2}\right)+3\\ \overset{AM-GM}{\ge}\dfrac{9}{2a-a^2+2b-b^2+2c-c^2}+3\\ =\dfrac{9}{\left(2a+2b+2c\right)-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+3\\ =\dfrac{9}{\left(2a+2b+2c\right)-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+3\\ \ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}+3\\ =\dfrac{9}{2\cdot1-\dfrac{1}{3}}+3=\dfrac{42}{5}\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-a^2=2b-b^2=2c-c^2\\a=b=c\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(A_{Min}=\dfrac{42}{5}\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)