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a) \(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{80}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{81}\)
\(2A-A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{81}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{80}\)
\(A=2^{81}-1\)
Nên A + 1 là:
\(A+1=2^{81}-1+1=2^{81}\)
b) \(B=1+3+3^2+...+3^{99}\)
\(3B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)
\(3B-B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}-1-3-3^2-...-3^{99}\)
\(2B=3^{100}-1\)
Nên 2B + 1 là:
\(2B+1=3^{100}-1+1=3^{100}\)
2)
a) \(2^x\cdot\left(1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\right)+1=2^{2016}\)
Gọi:
\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\)
\(A=2^{2016}-1\)
Ta có:
\(2^x\cdot\left(2^{2016}-1\right)+1=2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow2^x\cdot\left(2^{2016}-1\right)=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^x=\dfrac{2^{2016}-1}{2^{2016}-1}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^x=2^0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\)
b) \(8^x-1=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\)
Gọi: \(B=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2015}\)
\(2B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2016}\)
\(B=2^{2016}-1\)
Ta có:
\(8^x-1=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2^3\right)^x-1=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{3x}-1=2^{2016}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{3x}=2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow3x=2016\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2016}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=672\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A=4+22+23+....+220
2A=8+23+24+...+221
=> A+2A-A = (8+23+24+...+221) - (4+22+23+....+220)
=>A=221+8 - (22+4)=221
=>A là 1 lũy thừa của 2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(A=4+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\)
=>\(2A=8+2^3+2^4+...+2^{21}\)
=>\(2A-A=2^{21}+2^{20}+...+2^4+2^3+8-2^{20}-2^{19}-...-2^3-2^2-4\)
\(=2^{21}+8-2^2-4=2^{21}\)
=>\(A=2^{21}\) là lũy thừa của 2
b:
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)
=>\(3B=3^2+3^3+...+3^{101}\)
=>\(2B=3^{101}-3\)
=>\(2B+3=3^{101}\) là lũy thừa của 3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có A = 2A – A = 2( 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + . . . + 2 50 ) – ( 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + . . . + 2 50 )
= 2 + 4 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 51 – ( 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + . . . + 2 50 )
= 6 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 51 – ( 7 + 2 3 + . . . + 2 50 ) = 2 51 - 1
Suy ra : A + 1 = 2 51
Vậy A+1 là một lũy thừa của 2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A= 1+2+22+23+....+250
2A=( 1+2+22+....+250 ).2
=2+22+23+...... +251
2A-A = ( 2+22+23+....+251) -( 1+2+25+23+.......+250)
= 251-1
=) 251-1+1 = 251
h nha
\(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+.....+2^{50}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+.....+2^{50}\)
\(2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+.....+2^{51}\right)-\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+....+2^{50}\right)\)
\(A=2^{51}-1\)
Ta có
A = 251 - 1
A + 1 = 251 - 1 + 1
=> A + 1 = 251
Điều phải chứng minh