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1. Ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\); \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\). Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=9\)
\(9\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c = 1
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=7\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=49\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}=9\)
\(\Rightarrow3.P\ge9\Rightarrow P\ge3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{a+3}{a+1}+\dfrac{b+3}{b+1}+\dfrac{c+3}{c+1}\)
\(P=3+2.\left(\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{1}{b+1}+\dfrac{1}{c+1}\right)\)
\(P\ge3+2.\dfrac{9}{a+b+c+3}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).
Vậy \(min_P=6\), xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có: \(1=a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\).
\(P=\dfrac{a^3}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b^3}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c^3}{a+2b}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab+2ca}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca+2bc}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu \(=\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\).
1) Tìm GTNN :
Ta có : \(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}=\frac{x^2}{xy+x}+\frac{y^2}{xy+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy+\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}+1}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}+1}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
2) Áp dụng BĐT Svacxo ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3+a+b+c}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
2/ Áp dụng bđt Cô- si cho 2 số dương ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{1+b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{1+b}\frac{1+b}{4}}=a\)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{1+c}{4}\ge b;\frac{c^2}{1+a}+\frac{1+a}{4}\ge c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge a+b+c-\left(\frac{1+b}{4}+\frac{1+c}{4}+\frac{1+a}{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge3-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}=3-\frac{1}{4}.3-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
\(B=\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Dễ có:\(\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\le\left(\frac{3+a+b+c}{3}\right)^3\le8\)
Khi đó \(B\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại a=b=c=1
Ta có : abc = 1
<=> a = \(\frac{1}{bc}\)
\(b=\frac{1}{ac}\)
\(c=\frac{1}{ab}\)
Ta có : \(P=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)=\left(\frac{1}{bc}+abc\right)\left(\frac{1}{ac}+abc\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+abc\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt cô si ta có :
\(\frac{1}{bc}+abc\ge2\sqrt{\frac{abc}{bc}}=2\sqrt{a}\)
\(\frac{1}{ac}+abc\ge2\sqrt{b}\)
\(\frac{1}{ab}+abc\ge2\sqrt{c}\)
Nên : \(P=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)=\left(\frac{1}{bc}+abc\right)\left(\frac{1}{ac}+abc\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+abc\right)\)\(\ge2\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}.2\sqrt{c}=8\sqrt{abc}=8.1=8\)
Vây Pmin = 8 khi a = b = c = 1
Hai ô tô cùng khởi hành 1 lúc đi từ
A đến B dài 240km, vì mỗi giờ
ô tô thứ 1 đi nhanh hơn ô tô thứ 2 là 12km nên nó đến trước ô tô thứ 2 là 1h40'. Tí
nh vận tốc của mỗi ô tô?
Ta có : a^2+b^2 +c^2 >= ab+bc+ac ==> a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac>=3(ab+bc+ac) => (ab+bc+ac)<= ((a+b+c)^2)/3 Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c Áp dụng : được Max B = 3 khi a=b=c=1
HT
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM dạng ngược ta dễ có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{a+b+b+c}=\frac{2}{\left(a+2b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{\left(b+2c+a\right)}\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{2\left(c+2a+b\right)}\)
Khi đó:
\(P\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{b+2c+a}+\frac{1}{c+2a+b}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại a=b=c=2
Gáy cach nua.
Chứng minh: \(\Sigma\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Theo Holder, cần c.m
\(\frac{3^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{81}{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Done
\(A=\left(a+\frac{1}{a}-2\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}-2\right)+\left(c+\frac{1}{c}-2\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)+6\)
\(A=\frac{a^2-2a+1}{a}+\frac{b^2-2b+1}{b}+\frac{c^2-2c+1}{c}-3+6\)
\(A=\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{a}+\frac{\left(b-1\right)^2}{b}+\frac{\left(c-1\right)^2}{c}+3\) \(\ge3\forall a,b,c>0\)
A = 3 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy min A = 3 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(3A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\ge9\) (bđt AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow3A\ge9\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)