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a) Fe + H2SO4 -----------> FeSO4 + H2
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,75.56=42\left(g\right)\)
b) \(CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,75}{0,25}=3M\)
c) \(m_{ddsaupu}=42+250.1,1-0,75.2=315,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,75.152}{315,5}.100=36,13\%\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Fe+6H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)
Mol: 0,5 1,5 0,25 0,75 1,5
a)mFe=0,5.56=28 (g)
b)\(C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,5}{0,25}=6\left(mol/l\right)\)
c)\(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,25.400=100\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=1,5.18=27\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{100.100}{100+27}=78,74\%\)
a)
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
$2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
b)
$n_{Na} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,05.2 = 0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{14,7 - 0,1.23}{62} = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{NaOH} = n_{Na} + 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,5(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,2} = 2,5M$
c)
$2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH} = 0,25(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%} = 122,5(gam)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{122,5}{1,4} = 87,5(ml)$
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{4,55}{65}=0,07(mol)\\ Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{HCl}=0,14(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}=0,7M\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,07.22,4=1,568(l)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,07.136=9,52(g)\\ c,ZnCl_2+2AgNO_3\to 2AgCl\downarrow+Zn(NO_3)_2\)
\(m_{dd_{ZnCl_2}}=200.0,8+4,55-0,07.2=164,41(g)\\ n_{AgCl}=0,14(mol);n_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=\dfrac{0,07.189}{164,41+200-0,14.143,5}.100\%=3,84%\)
Câu 16:
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,25\cdot1,5=0,375\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,375}{2}=0,1875\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,375}{0,1875+0,25}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 18:
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot56}{5,6\%}=600\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{600}{10,45}\approx57,42\left(ml\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot174}{600+200}\cdot100\%=6,525\%\)
Bài1
a) Ca(OH)2 +2HCl--->CaCl2 +2H2O
n\(_{C_{ }a\left(OH\right)2}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh
n\(_{CaCl2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{CaCl2}=0,2.111=22,2\left(g\right)\)
b)Theo pthh
n\(_{HCl}=2n_{_{ }Ca\left(OH\right)2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
m\(_{ddHCl}=\frac{14,6}{14,6}.100=100\left(g\right)\)
V\(_{HCl}=100.1,2=120ml=0,12l\)
c) C\(_{M\left(CaCl2\right)}=\frac{0,2}{0,12}=1,67M\)
nSO2=0.25(mol)
Cu+2H2SO4->CuSo4+SO2+2H2O
CuO+H2SO4->CuSO4+H2O
nCu=nSO2=0.25(mol)
mCu=16(g)
->mCuO=12(g)
nCuO=0.15(mol)
mH2SO4=78.4
nH2SO4=0.8(mol)
tổng nH2SO4 phản ứng:0.5+0.15=0.65(mol)
nH2SO4 dư=0.15(mol)
mH2SO4 dư=14.7(g)
nCuSO4=0.4(mol)
mCuSO4=64(g)
mdd=28+112-64*0.25=124(g)
C%(H2SO4)=14.7:124*100=11.9%
C%(CuSO4)=64:124*100=51.6%
BÀI 2
mdd axit=900(g)
mH2SO4=220.5(g)
gọi mSO2 là x(g)
ta có m chất tan sau khi hòa tan=x+220.5
mdd sau khi hòa tan=x+900
theo bài ra:(x+220.5):(x+900)=49/100
100x+22050=49x+44100
51x=22050
->x=432.4(g)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=9,2-1,2=8\left(g\right)\)
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{1,2.100}{9,2}=13,04\)0/0
0/0MgO = \(\dfrac{8.100}{9,2}=86,96\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,4=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{14,6}=125\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,05+0,2=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,25.95=23,75\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=9,2+125-\left(0,05.2\right)=134,1\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{23,75.100}{134,1}=17,71\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
PTHH: MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24.100\%}{9,2}=13,04\%;\%m_{MgO}=100-13,04=86,96\%\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{9,2-0,05.24}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
b,\(m_{HCl}=\left(0,1+0,4\right).36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{14,6}=125\left(g\right)\)
c,mdd sau pứ = 9,2+125-0,05.2 = 134,1 (g)
\(C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{\left(0,05+0,2\right).95.100\%}{134,1}=17,71\%\)