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\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{14,6.50}{100}=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,2 0,05 0,05
a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{2}\)
⇒ Zn phản ứng hết , HCl dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Zn
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{ZnCl2}=0,05.136=6,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\left(0,5.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=01,.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{ddspu}=3,25+50-\left(0,05.2\right)=53,15\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{6,8.100}{53,15}=12,8\)0/0
\(C_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{53,15}=6,88\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)
$n_{Zn} = \dfraac{3,25}{65} = 0,05(mol) ; n_{HCl} = \dfrac{50.14,6\%}{36,5} = 0,2(mol)$
$Zn +2 HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{Zn} : 1 < n_{HCl} : 2$ nên HCl dư
$n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,05(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12(lít)$
b)
$n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,05 \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,05.136 = 6,8(gam_$
$n_{HCl\ pư} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{HCl\ dư} = (0,2 - 0,1).36,5 = 3,65(gam)$
c)
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 3,25 + 50 - 0,05.2 = 53,15(gam)$
d)
$C\%_{ZnCl_2} = \dfrac{6,8}{53,15}.100\%= 12,8\%$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{3,65}{53,15}.100\% = 6,87\%$
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
a: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=1.6\left(mol\right)\)
hay \(n_{H_2}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.8\cdot22.4=17.92\left(lít\right)\)
b: \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.8\cdot136=108.8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0.8\cdot2=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{52}{65}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.0,8=1,6\left(mol\right)\\ C1:m_{ZnCl_2}=0,8.136=108,8\left(g\right);m_{H_2}=0,8.2=1,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}=108,8+1,6=110,4\left(g\right)\\ C2:m_{HCl}=1,6.36,5=58,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{thu.được}=m_{tham.gia}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=52+58,4=110,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{109,5.20\%}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,2.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,2=27,2\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{ddsau}=13+109,5-0,2.2=122,1\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2}{122,1}.100\approx22,277\%\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{122,1}.100\approx5,979\%\)
Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
a, nZn = 13/65= 0,2(mol)
mHCl= 109,5.20%/100%=21.9(g)
nHCl=21,9/36,5=0,6(mol)
Theo PT nHCl = 2nZn= 2.0,2= 0,4(mol)<0,6(mol)
=> HCl pư dư, Zn pư hết
Theo PT: nH2= nZn =0,2(mol)
VH2=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
b, Theo PT: nZnCl2=nZn=0,2(mol)
mZnCl2= 0,2.136=27,2(g)
c, mdd sau pư= 13+109,5-0,2.2=122,1(g)
C%dd ZnCl2=27,2.100%/122,1=22,28%
nHCl dư= 0,6-0,4=0,2(mol)
mHcl
`a)PTHH:`
`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`
`0,1` `0,2` `0,1` `0,1` `(mol)`
`n_[HCl]=0,2.1=0,2(mol)`
`=>m_[Zn]=0,1.65=6,5(g)`
`b)m_[dd HCl]=1,1.200=220(g)`
`=>C%_[ZnCl_2]=[0,1.136]/[6,5+220-0,1.2].100~~6%`
\(a,n_{HCl}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1<--0,2------>0,1------->0,1
\(\rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{ddHCl}=200.1,1=220\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{dd}=220+6,5-0,1.2=226,3\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{226,3}.100\%=6\%\)
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0.2-→0.4------→0.2--→0.2 (mol)
nZn = 11,2\56 = 0.2(mol)
mZnCl2 = n*M = 0.2*127 = 25.4(g)
VH2(đktc) = n*22.4 = 0.2*22.4 = 4.48(l)
mHCl = n*M = 0.4*36.5 = 14.6(g)
C% =14,6\146*100% = 10(%)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{Zn}=\dfrac{11,2}{65}=0,17\left(mol\right)\\ TheoPT:n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,17\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,17.136=23,12\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,17.22,4=3,808\left(l\right)\\ c.n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,34\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,34.36,5}{146}.100=8,5\%\)
\(a,Đặt:n_{Mg}=g\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=j\left(mol\right)\left(g,j>0\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24g=56j=9,2\\22,4g+22,4j=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}g=0,15\\j=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{9,2}.100\approx39,13\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}\approx60,87\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.5,6}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\\ c,m_{muối}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{MgCl_2}=95g+127j=95.0,15+127.0,1=26,95\left(g\right)\)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
x-----------------------x mol
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
y-------------------------y mol
ta có\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=9,2\\x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>%mFe=\(\dfrac{0,1.56}{9,2}.100\)=60,87%
=>%m Mg=39,13%
Ta có : n HCl=0,1.2+0,15.2=0,5 mol
=>CMHCl=\(\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}\)=2,5M
=>m muối =0,1.127+0,15.95=26,95g
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,4 0,8 0,4 0,4
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{150}.100\%=19,5\%\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=26+150-\left(0,4.2\right)=175,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{175,2}.100\%=31\%\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
+\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(nH_2=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)
+\(V_{H2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(lit\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(gam\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn\) \(+\) \(2\)\(HCl\) → \(ZnCl_2\) \(+\) \(H_2\)
\(0,5\) \(mol\) → \(1\) \(mol\) → \(0,5\)\(mol\) → \(0,5\) \(mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=1.36,5=36,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,4
0,1 0,2
0 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{dd}=6,5+0,4.36,5+50-0,1.2=70,9\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{70,9}.100\%=19,18\%\)