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2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
1,2------------------0,6 mol
H2+CuO->Cu+H2O
0,4----0,4
m HCl=43,8=>n HCl=\(\dfrac{43,8}{36,5}\)=1,2 mol
=>VH2=0,6.22,4=13,44l
b)n CuO=\(\dfrac{32}{80}\)=0,4 mol
=>H2 dư
=>m=m Cu=0,4.64=25,6g
=>%mCu=100%
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.8}{56}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.05................................0.05\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6}{80}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(1............1\)
\(0.075......0.05\)
Chất khử : H2 . Chất OXH : CuO
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.075}{1}>\dfrac{0.05}{1}\Rightarrow CuOdư\)
\(m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.075-0.05\right)\cdot64=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(\left(mol\right)\) \(0,15\) \(0,3\) \(0,15\) \(0,15\)
\(a.V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ b.m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,15=14,25\left(g\right)\\ c.\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(\left(mol\right)\) \(0,15\) \(0,15\) \(0,15\)
\(m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\)
nH2=11,2/22,4=0,5(mol)
2H2+O2->2H2O
0,5 0,25 0,5
V(O2)=0,25*22,4=5,6(lít)
mH2O=0,5*18=9(g)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
_____0,3_____0,9___0,6____0,9 (mol)
a, \(m_{Fe}=0,6.56=33,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,9.22,4=20,16\left(l\right)\)
c, PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,9.22,4=20,16\left(l\right)\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---to---> FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,6 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2 + CuO ---to---> Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,3 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ H2 pứ hết, CuO dư
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
`n_[Fe]=[5,6]/56=0,1(mol)`
`n_[HCl]=[10,95]/[36,5]=0,3(mol)`
`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
`0,1` `0,2` `0,1` `(mol)`
Ta có:`[0,1]/1 < [0,3]/2`
`=>HCl` dư
`a)V_[H_2]=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)`
`b)`
`H_2 + CuO` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `Cu + H_2 O`
`0,1` `0,1` `(mol)`
`=>m_[Cu]=0,1.64=6,4(g)`
\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
bđ 0,1 0,3
pư 0,1 0,2
spư 0 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, PTHH: \(H_2+CuO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,1------------>0,1
\(\rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12,8}{160}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,08---->0,24------>0,16
b, VH2 = 0,24.24,79 = 5,9496 (l)
c, mFe = 0,16.56 = 8,96 (g)
\(d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,16< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => HCl dư
Thep pthh: nH2 = nFe = 0,16 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,16.24,79 = 3,9664 (l)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12,8}{160}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,08 0,24 0,16
\(V_{H_2}=0,24.22,4=5,376l\\
m_{Fe}=0,16.56=8,96\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,16}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
=>HCl dư
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,16\left(mol\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,16.22,4=3,584l\)
1/ \(CuO+H_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=\dfrac{48}{80}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=0,6.64=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
2. \(2H_2+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=0,375;n_{O_2}=0,125\)
Lập tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{0,375}{2}>\dfrac{0,125}{1}\)
=> Sau phản ứng H2 dư, tính theo số mol O2
\(n_{H_2O}=2n_{O_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\)
nCuO =48: 80 = 0,6(mol)
PThh: CuO+ H2 ----> Cu+ H2O (1)
theo pt (1), nCu = nCuO = 0,6(mol)
=> mCu = 0,6 . 64 = 38,4 (g)
theo pt (1), nH2 = nCu = 0,6 (mol)
=> VH2(đktc) = 0,6 . 22,4 = 13,44(l)
PTHH : 2H2+O2----> 2H2O(2)
theo pt , nH2O =nH2 = 0.6(mol)
=> mH2O = 0,6.18=10,8 (g)
nCuO = 48/80 = 0,6 (mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -> (t°) Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,6 ---> 0,6 ---> 0,6
VH2 = 0,6 . 22,4 = 13,44 (l)
mCu = 0,6 . 64 = 38,4 (g)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 -> (t°) 2H2O
nH2O = nH2 = 0,6 (mol)
mH2O = 0,6 . 18 = 10,8 (g)