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a) nNaCl=0,4.2=0,8(mol)
nAgNO3= 2.0,6=1,2(mol)
PTHH: NaCl + AgNO3 -> NaNO3 + AgCl (kết tủa)
Ta có: nNaCl(p.ứ)/nNaCl(PT) = 0,8/1 < nAgNO3(p.ứ)/nAgNO3(pt)= 1,2/1
=> P.ứ dư AgNO3, có tạo kt AgCl.
nAgCl= nNaNO3=nAgNO3(P.ứ)=nNaCl= 0,8(mol)
=> m(kết tủa)= mAgCl=0,8. 143,5= 114,8(g)
b) Vddsau= 400+600=1000(ml)=1(l)
CMddNaNO3=0,8/1=0,8(M)
CMddAgNO3(dư)= (1,2-0,8.1)/1= 0,4(M)
PTHH: \(CaCl_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+2NaCl\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{CaCl_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,1+0,2}\approx1,33\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{10\%}=146\left(g\right)\)
a.PTHH:CaCl2+Na2CO3--->CaCO3+2NaCl
Ta có:nCaCl2=0,2
=>nCaCO3=nCaCl2=0,2(mol)=>mCaCO3(kết tủa)=100.0,2=2(g)
b.Vdd=100+200=300(ml)=0,3(l)
CM Nacl=(2.0,2)/0,3=4/3(M)(Đề cho 2 chất td vừa đủ nên dd sau pứ chỉ có NaCl)
c.CaCO3+2HCl--->CaCl2+CO2+H2O
nHCl(cần dùng)=2.0.2=0,4(mol)=>mHCl=36,5.0,4=14,6(g)
=>mddHCl=14,6/10%=146(g)
\(a,2NaOH+MgSO_4\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\\ n_{NaOH}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{Na_2SO_4}\\ m_{kt}=m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=58.0,25=14,5\left(g\right)\\ c,V_{ddX}=V_{ddNaOH}+V_{ddMgSO_4}=0,5+0,5=1\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow^{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\uparrow\\ b,n_{FeCl_3}=1,5\cdot0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
Theo đề: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}X:Fe\left(OH\right)_3\\A:NaCl\\Y:Fe_2O_3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,45+0,2}\approx1,4M\)
\(c,\) Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_X=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3\cdot107=32,1\left(g\right)\\m_Y=m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\cdot160=24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH 3ZnCl2+2H3PO4----->Zn3(PO4)2+6HCl
\(n_{ZnCl_2}\)=0,3.2=0,6(mol)
Theo phương trình =>\(\dfrac{1}{3}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn_3\left(PO_4\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=>\(m_{Zn_3\left(PO_4\right)_2}\)=0,2.385=77(g)
Theo phương trình =>\(2n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{HCl}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
=>\(C_{M_{HCl}}\)=\(\dfrac{1,2}{0,2+0,3}=2,4M\)
PTHH: \(NaCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+AgCl\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaCl}=0,2\cdot0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{AgNO_3}=n_{AgCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{AgNO_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\\m_{AgCl}=0,1\cdot143,5=14,35\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.CuCl2 + 2NaOH -> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaCl
0.15 0.3 0.15 0.3
Cu(OH)2 -> CuO + H2O
0.15 0.15
nNaOH = 0.3 mol
\(CM_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{0.15}{2}=0.075M\)
b.Vdd sau phản ứng = 0.2 + 0.15 = 0.35l
\(CM_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.35}=0.86M\)
c.mCuO = \(0.15\times80=12g\)
