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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8}.100=70\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=20-5,6=14,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{20}.100\%=28\%\\\%m_{Cu}=72\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl.
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19,4-13=6,4\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{19,4}.100\%\approx67,01\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx32,99\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
`2Na+2H_2O->2NaOH+H_2`
x-----------------------------`1/2`x mol
`2K+2H_2O->2KOH+H_2`
y---------------------------`1/2` y mol
`n_(H_2)=(6,72)/(22,4)=0,3 mol`
Ta có phương trình :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+39y=9,3\\\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
-> nghiệm vô lí
`#YBTran~`
a)
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
b) Gọi $n_{Al} =a (mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 24b = 11,1(1)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1 ; b = 0,35
$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,1.27}{11,1}.100\% = 24,3\%$
$\%m_{Mg} = 100\% - 24,3\% = 75,7\%$
c) $n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{16}{160} = 0,1(mol)$
$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Fe_2O_3} : 1 < n_{H_2} : 3$ nên $H_2$ dư
$n_{Fe} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,2.56 = 11,2(gam)$
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,075<-------------------------0,075
Cu không phản ứng với H2SO4 loãng
b, \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,8}{8}.100\%=22,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-22,5\%=77,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,075 0,075
\(Cu+H_2SO_4-x->\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=8-1,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{8}.100\%=80\%\\
\%m_{Mg}=100-80\%=20\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ag}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27x+108y=4,2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,15
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=4,2-2,7=1,5g\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{4,2}\cdot100\%=64,28\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-64,28\%=35,72\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=0,05\cdot342=17,1g\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{10}.100=65\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-65\%=35\%\)
\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
n(mol) a---->a------------>a---------->a (1)
\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
tỉ lệ 2 : 3 ; 1 : 3
n(mol) b-------->3/2b----->1/2b------------>3/2b (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+27b=3,79\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=0,08\end{matrix}\right.=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=n\cdot M=0,05\cdot65=3,25\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=n\cdot M=0,02\cdot27=0,54\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25\cdot100\%}{3,79}\approx85,75\%\\\%m_{Al}=100\%-85,75\approx14,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
với (1) thì
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(1\right)}=a=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
với (2) thì
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot0,02=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(=>m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,05+0,03\right)\cdot98=7,84\left(g\right)\)