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\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab^2}{2b}=a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2}\) ; \(\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ac}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế : \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge3-\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge3-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
xet tam giác OBC có OB=OC=BC suy ra tam giác OBC đều suy ra CBA=60 độ
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(1+b^2\ge2b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab^2}{2b}=a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2};\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ca}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế 3 BĐT trên ta được: \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}=3-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
Mà \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
Nên \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{6}=3-\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)(đpcm).
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ap dung BDT Cosi nguoc dau:
VT <=> \(∑ a-{ab^2\over 1+b^2} ≥ ∑ a-{ab^2\over 2b}=∑ a-{ab\over 2} \)
\(= a+b+c-{ab+ac+bc\over 2} \)
\(≥ 3- {(a+b+c)^2\over 6}=3-{9\over 6}={3\over 2} \) \( BDT {(a+b+c)^2\over 3} ≥ ab+ac+bc \)
=> DPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có; \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{a+b}.\frac{a+b}{4}}=a\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge b\)
\(\frac{c^2}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{4}\ge c\)
Cộng từng vế ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}=a\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt cô - si, ta có: \(1+b^2\ge2b\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge a\left(1-\frac{b^2}{2b}\right)=a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2}\); \(\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ca}{2}\)
Cộng ba vế của các bđt trên, ta được:
\(\text{ Σ}_{cyc}\frac{a}{1+b^2}\ge\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{6}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
(Dấu "=" khi a = b = c = 1)
Cần CM: \(\frac{1}{9-a}-\frac{12}{a^2+63}\ge\frac{1}{144}a^2-\frac{1}{16}\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2+12a-45}{\left(9-a\right)\left(a^2+63\right)}\ge\frac{1}{144}a^2-\frac{1}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(144\left(a^2+12a-45\right)\ge\left(a-3\right)\left(a+3\right)\left(9-a\right)\left(a^2+63\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)\left[144\left(a+15\right)-\left(a+3\right)\left(9-a\right)\left(a^2+63\right)\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)\left(a^4-6a^3+36a^2-234a+459\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)^2\left(a^3-3a^2+27a+153\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-3\right)^2\left[\left(a-3\right)^2\left(a+3\right)+36a+126\right]\ge0\) ( đúng )
Do đó (1) đúng => \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{9-a}-\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{12}{a^2+63}\ge\frac{1}{144}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{3}{16}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{12}{a^2+63}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{9-a}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a+b}\) ( do \(a+b+c\le9\) )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=3