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Câu 2 :
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(K+H_2O\rightarrow KOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{^{ }t^0}2P_2O_5\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
Câu 3 :
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.7}{27}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.1...........................0.05.......0.15\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0.05\cdot342=17.1\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=2.7+200-0.15\cdot2=202.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{17.1}{202.4}\cdot100\%=8.44\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.7}{27}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.1..........................0.05............0.15\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0.05\cdot342=17.1\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=2.7+200-0.15\cdot2=202.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{17.1}{202.4}\cdot100\%=8.45\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
_____0,1____0,15_______0,05_____0,15 (mol)
b, Ta có: \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = mAl + m dd H2SO4 - mH2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,15.2 = 202,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{202,4}.100\%\approx8,45\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 1:
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{300.19,6\%}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{3n_{Al}}{2}=\dfrac{3.0,1}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,15=51,3\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{ddsau}=m_{Al}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=2,7+300-\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1.2=302,4\left(g\right)\\ c,C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{51,3}{302,4}.100\%\approx16,964\%\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,6-\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,45.98}{302,4}.100\%\approx14,583\%\)
Bài 2:
\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Hpt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,8\\1,5a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{7,8}.100\%\approx69,231\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}\approx100\%-69,231\%\approx30,769\%\)
a)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2----------->0,2----->0,3
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b) \(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
0,3<----------------0,3
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2--------------->0,2------->0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c, PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
0,2<------------------0,2
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\); nHCl = 0,5.2 = 1 (mol)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{1}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1->0,3---->0,1---->0,15
=> VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\\C_{M\left(HCl.dư\right)}=\dfrac{1-0,3}{0,5}=1,4M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\a, 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\\ d,C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\\ e,m_{ddmuoi}=5,4+200-0,3.2=204,8\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{204,8}.100\%\approx16,699\%\)
\(a)2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b)n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0,2-\rightarrow0,3--\rightarrow0,1--\rightarrow0,3\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6g\\ c)m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2g\\ d)C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}\cdot100=14,7\%\\ e)C_{\%Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{5,4+200-0,6}\cdot100=16,7\%\)
a)
\(Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2\)
b)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4} = 0,2.98 = 19,6(gam)\)
c)
\(V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\)
a.b.c.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35g\)
d.\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,15 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\)
2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
nAl = 0,1 => nH2 = 0,15 => VH2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 (l)
nH2 = 0,15 => mH2 = 0,3(g)
m dd sau pư = 2,7 + 200 -0,3=202,4 (g)
theo pư => n Al2(SO4)3 = 0,05 => m Al2(SO4)3 = 17,1 => C% = 17,1:202,4 . 100 % = 8,45%
A)
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
B)
n Al = 2,7/27 = 0,1(mol)
Theo PTHH :
n H2 = 3/2 n Al = 0,15(mol)
=> V H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)
Theo PTHH :
n Al2(SO4)3 = 1/2 n Al = 0,05(mol)
m dd sau pư = m Al + mdd H2SO4 - m H2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,15.2 = 202,4 gam
Suy ra :
C% Al2(SO4)3 = 0,05.342/202,4 .100% = 8,45%