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a.CuCl2 + 2NaOH -> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaCl
0.15 0.3 0.15 0.3
Cu(OH)2 -> CuO + H2O
0.15 0.15
nNaOH = 0.3 mol
\(CM_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{0.15}{2}=0.075M\)
b.Vdd sau phản ứng = 0.2 + 0.15 = 0.35l
\(CM_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.35}=0.86M\)
c.mCuO = \(0.15\times80=12g\)
PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuCl2 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}=n_{CuCl_2\left(dư\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2+0,2}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$
b)
$n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{K_2SO_4} : 1 > n_{BaCl_2} : 1$ nên $K_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{BaSO_4} = n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{BaSO_4} = 0,3.233 = 69,9(gam)$
c) $n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(lít)$
$C_{M_{K_2SO_4} } = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M$
$C_{M_{KCl}} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,5} = 1,2M$
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
\(a)Ba\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2NaOH+BaCO_3\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.2=0,4mol\\ n_{BaCO_3}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,4mol\\ m_{BaCO_3}=0,4.171=68,4g\\ b)V_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4l\\ c)n_{NaOH}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,8mol\\ C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2+0,4}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)
\(a,PTHH:3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow^{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\uparrow\\ b,n_{FeCl_3}=1,5\cdot0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
Theo đề: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}X:Fe\left(OH\right)_3\\A:NaCl\\Y:Fe_2O_3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,45+0,2}\approx1,4M\)
\(c,\) Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_X=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3\cdot107=32,1\left(g\right)\\m_Y=m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\cdot160=24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) nNaCl=0,4.2=0,8(mol)
nAgNO3= 2.0,6=1,2(mol)
PTHH: NaCl + AgNO3 -> NaNO3 + AgCl (kết tủa)
Ta có: nNaCl(p.ứ)/nNaCl(PT) = 0,8/1 < nAgNO3(p.ứ)/nAgNO3(pt)= 1,2/1
=> P.ứ dư AgNO3, có tạo kt AgCl.
nAgCl= nNaNO3=nAgNO3(P.ứ)=nNaCl= 0,8(mol)
=> m(kết tủa)= mAgCl=0,8. 143,5= 114,8(g)
b) Vddsau= 400+600=1000(ml)=1(l)
CMddNaNO3=0,8/1=0,8(M)
CMddAgNO3(dư)= (1,2-0,8.1)/1= 0,4(M)
HCl + AgNO3 ➜ AgCl↓ + HNO3
\(n_{HCl}=0,2\times2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=0,3\times2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{AgNO_3}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{AgNO_3}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2}{3}< 1\) ⇒ dd HCl hết, dd AgNO3 dư
Theo PT: \(n_{AgCl}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AgCl}=0,4\times143,5=57,4\left(g\right)\)
Dung dịch B gồm: AgNO3 dư và HNO3
Theo PT: \(n_{AgNO_3}pư=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3}dư=0,6-0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HNO_3}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Sigma n_{ctB}=n_{AgNO_3}dư+n_{HNO_3}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Sigma m_{ddB}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddB}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(M\right)\)
HCl + AgNO3 ➜ AgCl↓ + HNO3
\(n_{HCl}=0,2\times2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=0,3\times2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{AgNO_3}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{AgNO_3}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2}{3}< 1\) ⇒ dd HCl hết, dd AgNO3 dư
Theo PT: \(n_{AgCl}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AgCl}=0,4\times143,5=57,4\left(g\right)\)
Dung dịch B gồm: AgNO3 dư và HNO3
\(\Sigma m_{ddB}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HNO_3}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{AgNO_3}pư=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3}dư=0,6-0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Sigma n_{ctB}=n_{AgNO_3}dư+n_{HNO_3}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddB}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(M\right)\)