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\(x^3+y^3+3xy\le1\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xy\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy+x+y+1\right)\le0\)
Do \(x^2+y^2-xy+x+y+1=\left(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+x+y+1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y-1\le0\Rightarrow x+y\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{4y}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{4x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{4y}}+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{4}{x+y}\ge2+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{4}{1}=5\)
\(P_{min}=5\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
We have : \(A=x+y+\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=\dfrac{x+y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\)
\(Applying\) C-S we have : \(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\ge2;\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\ge1\)
x + y \(\ge3\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
So : \(A\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2+1=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=2\)
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\Rightarrow P^2=\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\dfrac{y^2}{x}+2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(P^2=\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y^2}{x}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}\right)-2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(P^2\ge3x+3y-2\sqrt{xy}\ge3\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=2\left(x+y\right)=4038\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{4038}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2019-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{y-2019}}=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\)
Lại có:
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2019-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{2019-y}}=\dfrac{2019-y}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{2019-x}{\sqrt{x}}\\ =\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow2P=\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{y}}=2019\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)\ge2019\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[4]{xy}}\\ \ge2019\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[2]{\dfrac{x+y}{2}}}=2019\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\dfrac{2019}{2}}}=2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2019}\)
Dấu = khi \(x=y=\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
\(1=x+y+3xy\le x+y+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x+y\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)-4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x+y+2\right)\left(x+y-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đồng thời: \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2=\dfrac{2}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le-\dfrac{2}{9}\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(A=\sqrt{1-x^2}+\sqrt{1-y^2}+\dfrac{1-\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}=\sqrt{1-x^2}+\sqrt{1-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}-1\)
\(A\le\sqrt{2\left[2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\right]}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}-1\le\sqrt{2\left(2-\dfrac{2}{9}\right)}+\dfrac{3}{2}-1=\dfrac{3+8\sqrt{2}}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(y=2+\dfrac{6}{x-3}\)
\(P=3x\left(2+\dfrac{6}{x-3}\right)+2x+2+\dfrac{6}{x-3}\)
\(P=8x+2+\dfrac{18x}{x-3}+\dfrac{6}{x-3}=8x+20+\dfrac{60}{x-3}\)
\(P=8\left(x-3\right)+\dfrac{60}{x-3}+44\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{480\left(x-3\right)}{x-3}}+44=44+8\sqrt{30}\)
\(P_{min}=44+8\sqrt{30}\) khi \(8\left(x-3\right)=\dfrac{60}{x-3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{6+\sqrt{30}}{2}\)
Dạ, em cảm ơn thầy ạ