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\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ ..........0,15.......0,15.......0,15.......0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=65\cdot0,15=9,75\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{H_2SO_4}=98\cdot0,15=14,7\left(mol\right)\\ c,m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{14,7\cdot100}{20}=\dfrac{147}{2}\left(g\right)\\ d,C\%_{dd_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15\cdot161}{\dfrac{147}{2}}\cdot100\approx32,86\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{10}.100=40\%\\\%m_{MgO}=100\%-40\%=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111}{10+390,2-0,1.2}.100=2,775\%\\C\%_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{10+390,2-0,1.2}.100=1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=n_{Fe}\left(mol\right)\\y=n_{Al}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sum m_{hh}=11\left(g\right)\Rightarrow56x+27y=11\left(1\right)\)
\(PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)....x\rightarrow..2x........x......x\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)....y\rightarrow..3y.........y......1,5y\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,4\left(2\right)\)
\(\xrightarrow[\left(2\right)]{\left(1\right)}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.0,1}{11}=51\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Al}=49\%\)
b) \(\sum m_{ctHCl}=\left(2.0,1+3.0,2\right).36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{29,2.100\%}{10\%}=292\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{H_2\uparrow}=\left(1.0,1+1,5.0,2\right).2=0,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsaupu}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2\uparrow}=11+292-0,8=302,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{302,2}.100=4,2\%\\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{302,2}.100=8,8\%\)
Đặt: {x=nFe(mol)y=nAl(mol){x=nFe(mol)y=nAl(mol)
∑mhh=11(g)⇒56x+27y=11(1)∑mhh=11(g)⇒56x+27y=11(1)
PTHH:Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑(mol)....x→..2x........x......xPTHH:2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2↑(mol)....y→..3y.........y......1,5yPTHH:Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑(mol)....x→..2x........x......xPTHH:2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2↑(mol)....y→..3y.........y......1,5y
nH2=8,9622,4=0,4(mol)⇒x+1,5y=0,4(2)nH2=8,9622,4=0,4(mol)⇒x+1,5y=0,4(2)
(1)−→(2){x=0,1y=0,2→(2)(1){x=0,1y=0,2
a) %mFe=56.0,111=51%%mFe=56.0,111=51%
→%mAl=49%→%mAl=49%
b) ∑mctHCl=(2.0,1+3.0,2).36,5=29,2(g)∑mctHCl=(2.0,1+3.0,2).36,5=29,2(g)
mddHCl=29,2.100%10%=292(g)mddHCl=29,2.100%10%=292(g)
c) mH2↑=(1.0,1+1,5.0,2).2=0,8(g)mH2↑=(1.0,1+1,5.0,2).2=0,8(g)
mddsaupu=mhh+mddHCl−mH2↑=11+292−0,8=302,2(g)mddsaupu=mhh+mddHCl−mH2↑=11+292−0,8=302,2(g)
PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MG}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,6}.100\%\approx57,1\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx42,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{14,7\%}=400\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 12,6 + 400 - 0,6.2 = 411,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.120}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,75\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{411,4}.100\%\approx8,31\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)