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2H2+O2-to>2H2O
0,1----0,05----0,1mol
n H2=\(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
=>m H2O=0,1.18=1,8g
2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
0,1----0,1-------0,1------0,05
n Na=\(\dfrac{3,45}{23}\)=0,15 mol
=>Na dư
=>VH2=0,05.22,4=1,12l
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
\(nH_2=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(mH_2O=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(H_2O+2Na\rightarrow Na_2O+H_2\uparrow\)
\(nNa=\dfrac{3,45}{23}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\)
=> Na dư , H2O đủ
\(mH_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---to---> FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,6 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2 + CuO ---to---> Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,3 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ H2 pứ hết, CuO dư
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
a, nZn = 97,5/65 = 1,5 (mol)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
nH2 = nZn = 1,5 (mol)
VH2 = 1,5 . 22,4 = 33,6 (l)
b, nFe2O3 = 120/160 = 0,75 (mol)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> (t°) 2Fe + 3H2O
LTL: 0,75 > 1,5/3 => Fe2O3 dư
nFe2O3 (p/ư) = 1,5/3 = 0,5 (mol)
mFe2O3 (dư) = (0,75 - 0,5) . 160 = 40 (g)
a. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{97.5}{65}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
1,5 1,5
b. \(V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\)
c. \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{120}{160}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,5 1,5
Ta thấy \(\dfrac{0.75}{1}>\dfrac{1.5}{3}\) => Fe2O3 dư
\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,75-0,5\right).160=40\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12,8}{160}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,08---->0,24------>0,16
b, VH2 = 0,24.24,79 = 5,9496 (l)
c, mFe = 0,16.56 = 8,96 (g)
\(d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,16< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => HCl dư
Thep pthh: nH2 = nFe = 0,16 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,16.24,79 = 3,9664 (l)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12,8}{160}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,08 0,24 0,16
\(V_{H_2}=0,24.22,4=5,376l\\
m_{Fe}=0,16.56=8,96\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,16}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
=>HCl dư
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,16\left(mol\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,16.22,4=3,584l\)
a ) \(n_{Fe_2O_4}=\frac{23,2}{232}=0,1\) mol
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,1 -> 0,4 -> 0,3
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=4n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,4\) mol \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\) lít
b ) \(n_{Fe}=3n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,3\) mol \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=56.0,3=16,8\) gam.
1.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
2.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,15 < 0,2 ( mol )
0,15 0,15 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6g\)
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,2--------------------->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
b) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\) => H2 hết, CuO dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,2<--0,2-------->0,2
=> mrắn sau pư = 24 - 0,2.80 + 0,2.64 = 20,8 (g)
c)
PTHH: RO + H2 --to--> R + H2O
0,2------>0,2
=> \(M_R=\dfrac{12,8}{0,2}=64\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> R là Cu
+) \(N_{Mg}\) = \(\dfrac{m}{M}\) = \(\dfrac{4,8}{24}\) = 0,2 mol
a) Mg + HCl -> \(MgCl_2\) + \(H_2\)
0,2 -> 0,2 (mol)
b) +) \(N_{CuO}\text{ }\)= \(\dfrac{m}{M}\) = \(\dfrac{24}{80}\) = 0,3 mol
+) \(H_2\) + CuO -> Cu + \(H_2O\)
+) Ta có: \(\dfrac{N_{H_2}}{1}\)= \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}\) < \(\dfrac{N_{CuO}}{1}\)= \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}\)
=> \(H_2\) hết. Tính toán theo \(N_{H_2}\)
+)\(H_2\) + CuO -> Cu + \(H_2O\)
Ban đầu: 0,2 0,3 0 0 }
P/ứng: 0,2 -> 0,2 -> 0,2 -> 0,2 } mol
Sau p/ư: 0 0,1 0,2 0,2 }
=> \(m_{Cu}\) = 12,8 gam .Thu được 2,8 gam Cu
a) 2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
b)nNa=13,8/23=0,6(mol)
nNaOH=nNa=0,6=>mNaOH=0,6.40=24(g)
nH2=nNa/2=0,3=>V H2=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)
CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O
0,3------0,3
n CuO=0,4 mol
=>CuO dư
=>m Cu=0,3.64=19,2g
a) 2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
b)nNa=13,8/23=0,6(mol)
nNaOH=nNa=0,6=>mNaOH=0,6.40=24(g)
nH2=nNa/2=0,3=>V H2=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)
CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O
0,3------0,3
n CuO=0,4 mol
=>CuO dư
=>m Cu=0,3.64=19,2g