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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi x, y, z là số mol Fe, Mg, Cu
=> \(56x+24y+64z=24,8\) (1)
X+ H2SO4 đặc nóng
2Fe + 6H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2↑ + 6H2O
Mg + 2H2SO4→ MgSO4 + SO2↑ + 2H2O.
Cu + 2H2SO4→ CuSO4 + SO2↑ + 2H2O.
Các muối là \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3,MgSO_4,CuSO_4\)
=> \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{2}=\dfrac{x.}{2};n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=y;n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu}=z\)
=> \(\dfrac{400x}{2}+120y+160z=132\) (2)
X + HCl dư thu được khí là H2
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
=> x+y=0,5 (mol) (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) => x, y ,z
Xem lại đề vì hệ vô nghiệm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
TN1: Gọi \(\left(n_{Mg};n_{Al};n_{Zn}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\)
=> 24a + 27b + 65c = 28,6 (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
a--->0,5a
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b-->0,75b
2Zn + O2 --to--> 2ZnO
c--->0,5c
=> 0,5a + 0,75b + 0,5c = 0,5 (2)
TN2: Gọi \(\left(n_{Mg};n_{Al};n_{Zn}\right)=\left(ak;bk;ck\right)\)
=> ak + bk + ck = 0,8 (3)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
ak----------------------->ak
2Al + 6HCl -->2AlCl3 + 3H2
bk------------------------>1,5bk
Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
ck---------------------->ck
=> \(ak+1,5bk+ck=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\) (4)
(1)(2)(3)(4) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,4\\c=0,2\\k=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2.24}{28,6}.100\%=16,783\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{28,6}.100\%=37,762\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{28,6}.100\%=45,455\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}:a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}:b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}:c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{O2}=51,6-32,4=19,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O2}=\frac{19,2}{32}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
TN1:
\(Mg-2e\rightarrow Mg^{+2}\)
a_____2a_____
\(O_2+2e\rightarrow O^{-2}\)
0,6___1,2____
\(3Fe-1e\rightarrow Fe^{+\frac{8}{3}}\)
b____b/3_______
\(Al-3e\rightarrow Al^{+3}\)
c_____3c______
Theo BTe
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+\frac{b}{3}+3c=1,2\left(1\right)\\24a+56b+27c=32,4\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TN2: Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}:ka\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}:kb\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}:kc\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(ka+kb+kc=0,9\)
\(n_{H2}=\frac{24,64}{22,4}=1,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ka+kb+1,5kc=1,1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ka+kb+kc}{ka+kb+1,5kc}=\frac{0,9}{1,1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+1,5c}=\frac{9}{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow2a+2b-12,5c=0\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,36\\b=0,066\\c=0,117\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\frac{0,36.24.100}{32,4}=27\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\frac{0,366.56.100}{32,4}=63\%\\\%m_{Al}=100\%-27\%-63\%=10\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2Mg+O2 -t°->2MgO(1)
4Al+3O2 - t°->2Al2O3( 2)
2Cu+O2 - t°->2CuO(3)
MgO+2HClàMgCl2+H2O(4)
Al2O3+6HClà2AlCl3+3H2O(5)
CuO+2HClà CuCl2+H2O(6)
MgO+H2SO4àMgSO4+H2O(7)
Al2O3+3H2SO4àAl2(SO4)3+3H2O(8)
CuO+H2SO4àCuSO4+H2O(9)
-∑mO=34,14-23,676=10,464(g)<->0,654(mol)
-Theo pt(4,5,6,7,8,9):nH=2nO=2*0,654=1,308(mol)
Đặt V axit=V(l)
=>nHCl=3V;nH2SO4=1,5V
Ta có: ∑nH=3V + 1,5V*2=1,308
=>V=0,218(l)=218ml
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nCu=3x\\nFe3O4=x\end{matrix}\right.\)=>64.3x+232x=42,4
=>x=1
->n Cu=0,3, n Fe3O4=0,1 mol
Fe3O4+8HCl->2FeCl3+FeCl2+4H2O
0,1----------------------0,2
Cu+FeCl3->CuCl2+FeCl3
0,1 0,2
=>n Cu du2=0,2 mol
->m =12,8g
->C
. theo bảo toàn mol e. Ta có N(+5) +3e
=>N(+2) (Khí NO)
N(+5) +1e => N(+1) (khí NO2)
ta có khối lượng muối m= m(KL) +(3nNO+ nNO2)*62= 1.35 + (0.01*3 +0.04)*62 =5.69g
Tại sao lại nhân với 62