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\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10.6}{106}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{250\cdot20.8\%}{208}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(BaCl_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow BaCO_3+2NaCl\)
\(1.................1\)
\(0.25.............0.1\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.25}{1}>\dfrac{0.1}{1}\Rightarrow BaCl_2dư\)
\(n_{BaCO_3}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{BaCO_3}=0.1\cdot197=19.7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=10.6+250-19.7=240.9\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot58.5}{240.9}\cdot100\%=4.85\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=1,5\cdot0,08=0,12\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HCl\left(2M\right)}=\dfrac{0,12}{2}=0,06\left(l\right)=60\left(ml\right)\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=2,5\cdot2=5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot27=45\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=2,5\cdot22,4=56\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 5
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{6}\) => Al dư, HCl hết
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
\(\dfrac{1}{12}\)<----0,5------->\(\dfrac{1}{6}\)----->0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=10,2-\dfrac{1}{12}.102=1,7\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.133,5=22,25\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 6
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,1<-------------0,1<----0,1
=> \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)< 0,2\)
=> Mg dư => HCl hết
b) \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\dfrac{2A}{2A+16.5}=\dfrac{43,66}{100}\)
=> \(200A=43,66.\left(2A+16.5\right)\)
=> \(200A-87,32A=3492,8\)
=> \(112,68A=3492,8\)
=> A= 31
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 5:
Gọi kim loại đó là R thì CTHH oxit KL đó là \(R_2O_3\)
\(M_{R_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{0,22}\approx102(g/mol)\\ \Rightarrow M_R=\dfrac{102-3.16}{2}=27(g/mol)\\ \text {Vậy R là nhôm (Al) và CTHH oxit là }Al_2O_3\)
Bài 6:
\(a,1,5.6.10^{-23}=9.10^{-23}(\text {nguyên tử Cu})\\ b,n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1(mol)\\ \text {Số phân tử đá vôi là: }0,1.6.10^{-23}=0,6.10^{-23}\\ c,n_{Al}=\dfrac{12.10^{-23}}{6.10^{-23}}=2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=2.27=54(g)\\ d,\%_N=\dfrac{14.2}{60}.100\%=\dfrac{140}{3}\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{N}=12.\dfrac{140}{3}\%=5,6(g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{N}=\dfrac{5,6}{14}=0,4(mol)\\ \text {Số nguyên tử N là: }0,4.6.10^{-23}=2,4.10^{-23}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 1:
Ta có: \(m_{dd}=\dfrac{25}{50\%}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=m_{dd}-m_{đường}=25\left(g\right)\)
Câu 2:
PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200\cdot7,3\%}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\\m_{CaCl_2}=0,2\cdot111=22,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=0,2\cdot44=8,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{CaCO_3}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{CO_2}=211,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{22,2}{211,2}\cdot100\%\approx10,51\%\)