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a) $n_{CaCO_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaCO_3} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3.36,5}{7,3\%} = 150(gam)$
b)
$n_{CaCl_2} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} =0,15(mol)$
$V_{CO_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
c)
$m_{dd} = 15 + 150 - 0,15.44 = 158,4(gam)$
$C\%_{CaCl_2} = \dfrac{0,15.111}{158,4}.100\% = 10,51\%$
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{84}{56}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.1,5}{84+300-1,5.2}.100\%=\dfrac{190,5}{381}.100\%=50\%\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c) \(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100\%}{300}=4,87\%\)
d) mdd sau pứ = 11,2 + 300 - 0,2.2 = 310,8 (g)
\(C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127.100\%}{310,5}=8,17\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3
\(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,6}=1\left(M\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al}=0,4(mol)\\ a/\\ n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6(mol)\\ V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)\\ b/\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6(mol)\\ n_{ddH_2SO_4}=\frac{0,6.98.100}{20}=294(g)\\ c/\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,2(mol)\\ C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\frac{0,2.342}{10,8+294-0,6.2}.100\%=22,52\%\)
a)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2--->0,3------->0,1------------>0,3
$m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\frac{0,3.98.100\%}{19,6\%}=150\left(g\right)$
b)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c)
\(C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342.100\%}{5,4+150-0,3.2}=22,09\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
_____0,2_______0,3________0,1_______0,3 (mol)
a, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{19,6\%}=150\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 5,4 + 150 - 0,3.2 = 154,8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.342}{154,8}.100\%\approx22,09\%\)