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Câu 1:
x=79 nên x+1=80
\(A=1969-\left(x^{1969}-80x^{1968}+...-80x^2+80x\right)\)
\(=1969-\left[x^{1969}-x^{1968}\left(x+1\right)+...-x^2\left(x+1\right)+x\left(x+1\right)\right]\)
\(=1969-\left[x^{1969}-x^{1969}-x^{1968}+x^{1968}-...-x^3-x^2+x^2+x\right]\)
=1969-79=1890
\(\frac{1}{m-2a}+\frac{1}{m-2b}+\frac{1}{m-2c}=\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\)
áp dụng bđt cô si ta có:
\(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\frac{4}{b+c-a+c+a-b}=\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+a-b}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\ge\frac{4}{c+a-b+a+b-c}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\right)\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{m-2a}+\frac{1}{m-2b}+\frac{1}{m-2c}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Bài này không đúng nhé. Với a = b = c = 1 thì bất đẳng thức sai. Tuy nhiên bài này đúng theo chiều ngược lại.
Ta sẽ chứng minh bất đẳng thức phụ sau đây \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(< =>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(< =>2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx\ge0\)
\(< =>\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*
Đặt \(\left\{2a+2b-c;2b+2c-a;2c+2a-b\right\}\rightarrow\left\{x;y;z\right\}\)
Vì a,b,c là ba cạnh của 1 tam giác nên x,y,z dương
Ta có : \(x^2+y^2+z^2=9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(x+y=c+a+4b\); \(y+z=a+b+4c\); \(z+x=b+c+4a\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh quy về : \(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có :
\(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{x\left(y+z\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^3.x\left(y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{x^4}{4}}=2\frac{x^2}{2}=x^2\)
\(\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{y\left(x+z\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y^3.y\left(x+z\right)}{\left(x+z\right)4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{y^4}{4}}=2\frac{y^2}{2}=y^2\)
\(\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z^3.z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{z^4}{4}}=2\frac{z^2}{2}=z^2\)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều ta được :
\(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{x\left(y+z\right)}{4}+\frac{y\left(x+z\right)}{4}+\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{4}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{xy+yz+zx+xy+yz+zx}{4}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2-\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\)
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức phụ \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)khi đó ta được :
\(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{y+x}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2-\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\)
\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{z+x}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z< =>a=b=c\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh
\(GT\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{b^4}+\frac{1}{c^4}=3\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{b^4}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{a^{12}b^4}}=\frac{4}{a^3b}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{3}{b^4}+\frac{1}{c^4}\ge\frac{4}{b^3c}\) ; \(\frac{3}{c^4}+\frac{1}{a^4}\ge\frac{4}{c^3a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3b}+\frac{1}{b^3c}+\frac{1}{c^3a}\le\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{b^4}+\frac{1}{c^4}=3\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{a^3b+c^2+c^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^3c+a^2+a^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^3a+b^2+b^2+1}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a^3b}+\frac{2}{c^2}+1+\frac{1}{b^3c}+\frac{2}{a^2}+1+\frac{1}{c^3a}+\frac{2}{b^2}+1\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a^3b}+\frac{1}{b^3c}+\frac{1}{c^3a}+2\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+3\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\left(6+2\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{b^4}+\frac{1}{c^4}\right)}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(6+6\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
3
dat \(\frac{x-y\sqrt{2014}}{y-z\sqrt{2014}}=\frac{a}{b}\) dk (a,b)=1 a,b thuoc N*
khi do \(bx-by\sqrt{2014}=ay-az\sqrt{2014}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bx-ay=\left(by-az\right)\sqrt{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}bx-ay=0\\by-az=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}bx=ay\\by=az\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{a}{b}\Rightarrow xz=y^2}\)
khi do \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+z\right)^2-2xz+y^2=\left(x+z\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+z-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
vi x^2 +y^2 +z^2 la so nt va x+y+z>1
nen \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=x^2+y^2+z^2\\x+z-y=1\end{cases}}\)
giai ra ta co x=y=z=1
Câu !! .1)\(PT< =>2x-2\sqrt{x-8}-6\sqrt{x}+2=0\)(đk:\(x\ge8\))
\(< =>x-8-2\sqrt{x-8}+1+x-6\sqrt{x}+9=0\)
\(< =>\left(\sqrt{x-8}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)^2=0\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-8}=1\\\sqrt{x}=3\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>x=9\)(thỏa mãn đk)
vậy.....
+ \(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}=\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\le\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}\) . Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
+ Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}\). Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow b=c=1\)
\(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2\left(ca+a+1\right)}\). Dấu "=" \(c=a=1\)
Do đó : \(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{abc\cdot b+abc+ab}+\frac{b}{abc+ab+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{ab+b+1}+\frac{b}{ab+b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
áp dụng bô đề \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\frac{1}{m-2a}+\frac{1}{m-2b}\ge\frac{4}{\left(m-2a\right)+\left(m-2b\right)}=\frac{4}{2\left(m-a-b\right)}=\frac{2}{c}\)
tương tư \(\frac{1}{m-2b}+\frac{1}{m-2c}\ge\frac{2}{a}\)
\(\frac{1}{m-2a}+\frac{1}{m-2c}\ge\frac{2}{b}\)
cong các bdt tren ta co \(2\left(\frac{1}{m-2a}+\frac{1}{m-2b}+\frac{1}{m-2c}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)