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1/
Ta có: \(\left(1+\sqrt{15}\right)^2\)= 1 + 15 + \(2\sqrt{15}\)= 16 + \(2\sqrt{15}\)
\(\sqrt{24}^2\)= 24 = 16 + 8
Vì: \(\sqrt{15}^2\)= 15 < 16 =\(4^2\)
Nên: \(\sqrt{15}< 4\)
=> \(2\sqrt{15}< 8\)
=> \(16+2\sqrt{15}< 24\)
=> \(\left(1+\sqrt{15}\right)^2< \sqrt{24}^2\)
Vậy \(1+\sqrt{15}< \sqrt{24}\)
2/
b/ \(3x-7\sqrt{x}=20\)\(\left(x\ge0\right)\)
<=> \(3x-7\sqrt{x}-20=0\)
<=> \(3x-12\sqrt{x}+5\sqrt{x}-20=0\)
<=> \(3\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)+5\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+5\right)=0\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}-4=0\)hoặc \(3\sqrt{x}+5=0\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}=4\)hoặc \(3\sqrt{x}=-5\)(vô nghiệm)
<=> \(x=16\)
Vậy S=\(\left\{16\right\}\)
c/ \(1+\sqrt{3x}>3\)
<=> \(\sqrt{3x}>2\)
<=> \(3x>4\)
<=> \(x>\frac{4}{3}\)
d/ \(x^2-x\sqrt{x}-5x-\sqrt{x}-6=0\)(\(x\ge0\))
<=> \(\left(x^2-5x-6\right)-\left(x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x^2-6x+x-6\right)-\left(x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}\right)=0\)
<=> \([x\left(x-6\right)+\left(x-6\right)]-\sqrt{x}\left(x+1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-6\right)\left(x+1\right)-\sqrt{x}\left(x+1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-6-\sqrt{x}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}-6\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)[\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)]=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)=0\)
<=> \(x+1=0\) hoặc \(\sqrt{x}-3=0\)hoặc \(\sqrt{x}+2=0\)
<=> \(x=-1\)(loại) hoặc \(x=9\)hoặc \(\sqrt{x}=-2\)(vô nghiệm)
Vậy S={ 9 }
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Dễ thấy, nếu x < 0:
\(VT=\sqrt{x^2+5}+3x< 3x+\sqrt{x^2+5}\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm. Vậy: \(x\ge0\)
Phương trình ban đầu tương đương:
\(\sqrt{x^2+12}+5-3x\sqrt{x^2+5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-4}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+5}-\frac{x^2-4}{3x+\sqrt{x^2+5}}+3.x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2.\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+5}-\frac{x+2}{3x.\sqrt{x^2+5}}+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+5}-\frac{x+2}{3x+\sqrt{x^2+5}}+3=0\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:
\(2\Leftrightarrow x+2.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+5}-\frac{1}{3x+\sqrt{x^2+5}}+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2.\frac{\sqrt{x^2+12}-3x+\sqrt{x^2+5}}{\sqrt{x^2+12}+5.3x\sqrt{x^2+5}}=0\)
Do x > 0 nên \(VT>0=VF\). Do đó phương trình 2 vô nghiệm
Vậy: Phương trình ban đầu có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=2\)
P/s: Bn tham khảo nhé
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\(ĐK:x^2-3x+5\ge0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-3x+5}=a\ge0\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow a+a^2-5=7\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2+a-12=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(a+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\left(tm\right)\\a=-4\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-3x+5}=3\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+5=9\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
đặt \(x^2-3x=y\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{y+5}+y=7\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{y+5}=7-y\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+5=\left(7-y\right)^2\\7-y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+5=49-14y+y^2\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2-15y+44=0\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(y^2-11y\right)-\left(4y-44\right)=0\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(y-11\right)\left(y-4\right)=0\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\y=11\end{matrix}\right.\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x=4\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x-4=0\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-4\right)\left(x+1\right)\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\y\le7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{4;-1\right\}\)
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