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\(a,2NaOH+MgSO_4\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\\ n_{NaOH}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{Na_2SO_4}\\ m_{kt}=m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=58.0,25=14,5\left(g\right)\\ c,V_{ddX}=V_{ddNaOH}+V_{ddMgSO_4}=0,5+0,5=1\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{160}=0,095mol\\ CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
0,095 0,19 0,095 0,095
\(m_{rắn}=m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,095.98=9,31g\\ V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,19}{2}=0,095l\\ b)C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,095}{0,04+0,095}\approx0,7M\\ c)Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}CuO+H_2O\)
0,095 0,095
\(m_{rắn}=m_{CuO}=0,095.80=7,6g\)
a, \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow3KCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_{3\downarrow}\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,2.107=21,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\cdot2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuSO4 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Na_2SO_4}\\n_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4+0,2}\approx0,17\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,6}\approx0,67\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot36,5}{300}\cdot100\%\approx2,43\%\\C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CuO\left(lý.thuyết\right)}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,1\cdot95\%=0,095\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,095\cdot80=7,6\left(g\right)\)
Đặt :
nBa(OH)2= x mol
Ba(OH)2 + MgSO4 --> BaSO4 + Mg(OH)2
x___________x_________x_______x
mkt= mBaSO4 + mMg(OH)2= 233x + 58x = 5.82
<=> 291x = 5.82
<=> x= 0.02
CM Ba(OH)2= 0.02/0.1=0.2M
CM MgSO4= 0.02/0.2=0.1M
a)
$FeCl_3 + 3NaOH \to Fe(OH)_3 + 3NaCl$
$2Fe(OH)_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2O$
$n_{FeCl_3} = 0,3.2 = 0,6(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeCl_3} = 0,3(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,3.160 = 48(gam)$
b) Sau phản ứng, $V_{dd} = 0,3 + 0,3 = 0,6(lít)$
$n_{NaCl} = 3n_{FeCl_3} = 1,8(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}} = \dfrac{1,8}{0,6} = 3M$
\(n_{BaCl_2}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ BaCl_2+K_2CO_3\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+2KCl\\ Chất.tan.dd.sau.p.ứ:KCl\\ n_{KCl}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddsau}=V_{ddBaCl_2}+V_{ddK_2CO_3}=100+100=200\left(ml\right)=0,2\left(l\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddKCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT: \(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_{3\downarrow}+3KCl\)
______x_________3x_________x (mol)
\(MgCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}+2KCl\)
____y_________2y_________y (mol)
Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=0,2.2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ 3x + 2y = 0,5 (1)
m kết tủa = 16,5 ⇒ 107x + 58y = 16,5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = y = 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{FeCl_3}}=C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3KCl\\ MgCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2KCl\)
\(n_{KOH}=0,2\cdot2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt nFeCl₃ trong 500ml X là a mol, nMgCl₂ trong 500ml X là b mol
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+2b=0,5\\107a+58b=16,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C_MFeCl_3=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)\\ C_MMgCl_2=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)\)