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a,\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,15 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{1}\) ⇒ H2 pứ hết,Fe dư
\(V_{H_2}=3,36\left(l\right)\) (đề cho)
b, ko tính đc k/lg dd ,chỉ tính đc thể tích dd
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)=200\left(ml\right)\)
\(a) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,1.136 = 13,6(gam)\\ b) n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 =2 ,24(lít)\\ c) n_{HCl} =2 n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3(gam)\ ; V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,5} = 0,4(lít)\)
a.b.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,95}{65}=0,03mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,03 0,06 0,03 0,03 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,03.22,4=0,672l\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,06.36,5}{7,3\%}=30g\)
c.Tên muối: Kẽm clorua
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,03.136=4,08g\)
\(m_{ddspứ}=30+1,95-0,03.2=31,89g\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{4,08}{31,89}.100\%=12,79\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6g\)
c)Cho dẫn qua copper (ll) oxit:
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot64=12,8g\)
Bài 1 :
\(a) Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o}2Fe + 3H_2O\\ b) n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{80}{160}= 0,5(mol)\\ n_{H_2} = 3n_{Fe_2O_3} = 1,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 1,5.22,4 = 33,6(lít)\\ n_{Fe} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 1(mol)\\ m_{Fe} = 1.56 = 56(gam)\)
Bài 2 :
\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} =\dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ n_{HCl} =2 n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{HCl} = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3(gam)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(Đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,2=27,2\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\%=7,3\%\)
Nếu có thể thì lần sau bạn nên đăng tách từng bài ra nhé!
Bài 1:
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) , ta được Mg dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,05.95=4,75\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
Bài 2:
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,15}{3}\) , ta được Al dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
Bài 3:
PT: \(2M+6HCl\rightarrow2MCl_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,704}{22,4}=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{3,78}{0,14}=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy: M là nhôm (Al).
Bài 4:
PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
Ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}>\dfrac{0,2}{5}\) , ta được P dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=0,08.142=11,36\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(Zn+2HCl->ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=a\\ n_{Mg}=b\\ 65a+24b=11,3g\\ n_{H_2}=a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\\ a=0,1\\ m_{Zn}=65.0,1=6,5g\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ m_{\text{dd}}=6,5+200-\left(0,1.2\right)=206,3g\)
bài 2 :
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6g\\ V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\ m\text{dd}=4,8+200-0,4=204,4g\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,2.136}{204,4}.100\%=13,3\%\)