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NV
30 tháng 7 2021

Đặt vế trái là P

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{b^3+ab}=\dfrac{a}{b\left(a+b^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b}{a+b^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b}{2\sqrt{ab^2}}=\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\ge\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+1\right)\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+3\right)\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

NV
30 tháng 8 2021

\(1+\dfrac{9}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge1+\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}=\dfrac{6}{a+b+c}\)

NV
30 tháng 8 2021

\(3=ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\Rightarrow abc\le1\)

\(\dfrac{1}{1+a^2\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+a\left(ab+ac\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+a\left(3-bc\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+3a-abc}=\dfrac{1}{3a+\left(1-abc\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{3a}\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{3a}+\dfrac{1}{3b}+\dfrac{1}{3c}=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\dfrac{3}{3abc}=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)

NV
28 tháng 8 2021

\(\dfrac{a^2+bc}{b+c}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)-a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}-a\)

\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+b}-\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Mặt khác áp dụng \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+b}\ge a+b+b+c+a+c=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)=a+b+c\) (đpcm)

NV
21 tháng 3 2023

Đặt \(x=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{bc}}\) ; \(y=\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{ca}}\) ; \(z=\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{ab}}\)

\(\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{1}{yz}\) ; \(b=\dfrac{1}{zx}\) ; \(c=\dfrac{1}{xy}\)

\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)

Khi đó, tồn tại một tam giác ABC sao cho:

\(x=tan\dfrac{A}{2}\) ; \(y=tan\dfrac{B}{2}\) ; \(z=tan\dfrac{C}{2}\)

Thay vào bài toán:

\(A=\dfrac{x^2}{1+x^2}+\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{y^2}{1+y^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{1+z^2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{tan^2\dfrac{A}{2}}{1+tan^2\dfrac{A}{2}}+\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{tan^2\dfrac{B}{2}}{1+tan^2\dfrac{B}{2}}+\dfrac{tan^2\dfrac{C}{2}}{1+tan^2\dfrac{C}{2}}\right)\)

\(=sin^2\dfrac{A}{2}+\sqrt{3}\left(sin^2\dfrac{B}{2}+sin^2\dfrac{C}{2}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cosA+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(2-cosB-cosC\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1+2\sqrt{3}}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(cosA+\sqrt{3}cosB+\sqrt{3}cosC\right)\)

Xét \(B=cosA+\sqrt{3}\left(cosB+cosC\right)=cosA+2\sqrt{3}cos\dfrac{B+C}{2}cos\dfrac{B-C}{2}\)

\(\le cosA+2\sqrt{3}cos\dfrac{B+C}{2}=-2sin^2\dfrac{A}{2}+2\sqrt{3}sin\dfrac{A}{2}+1\)

Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=-2t^2+2\sqrt{3}sint+1\) với \(t\in\left(0;1\right)\)

\(f'\left(t\right)=-4t+2\sqrt{3}=0\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

\(f\left(0\right)=1\) ; \(f\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=2\sqrt{3}-1\)

\(\Rightarrow B_{max}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1+2\sqrt{3}}{2}-\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{3}-3}{4}\)

NV
28 tháng 8 2021

Ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\ge\sqrt[]{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)

Do đó:

\(VT\le\dfrac{2a^3}{2\sqrt{a^6bc}}+\dfrac{2b^3}{2\sqrt{b^6ac}}+\dfrac{2c^3}{2\sqrt{c^3ab}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{abc}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}{abc}\)

\(\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}=\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ca}+\dfrac{c}{ab}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

NV
30 tháng 8 2021

Ta chứng minh BĐT sau cho các số dương:

\(x^5+y^5\ge xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^5-x^4y+y^5-xy^4\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-y^4\right)\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge0\) (đúng)

Áp dụng:

\(\dfrac{a^5+b^5}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{ab\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{a+b}=a^2-ab+b^2\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(VT\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=2-\left(ab+ca+ca\right)\)

\(VT\ge4-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\)

\(VT\ge4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\) (đpcm)

1 tháng 8 2021

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