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Ta có:
a/(1+b²) = a- ab²/(1+b²) ≥ a - ab/2 (do 1+b² ≥ 2b)
Tương tự ta có:
b/(1+c²) ≥ b- bc/2
c/(1+d²) ≥ c - cd/2
d/(1+a²) ≥ d - ad/2
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
VT = a/(1+b²) + b/(1+c²) + c/(1+d²) + d/(1+a²) ≥ (a+b+c+d) - (ab+bc+cd+da)/2
VT ≥ (a+b+c+d -ab+bc+cd+da)/2 + (a+b+c+d)/2
Ta có:
ab+bc+cd+da = (a+c)(b+d) ≤ [(a+b+c+d)/2]² = 4 = a+b+c+d
=> a+b+c+d ≥ ab+bc+cd+da
=> VT ≥ (a+b+c+d)/2 =2
Dấu = khi a=b=c=d=1
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Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk;c=dk
\(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)
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\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)
<=>(\(a^2+b^2\))cd=ab(\(c^2+d^2\))
<=>\(a^2cd+b^2cd=abc^2+abd^2\)
<=>\(a^2cd-abc^2-abd^2+b^2cd=0\)
<=>ac(ad-bc)-bd(ad-bc)=0
<=>ac-bd=0
<=>ac=bd
=>\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)