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Bài 3:
\(A=5+5^2+..+5^{12}\)
\(5A=5\cdot\left(5+5^2+..5^{12}\right)\)
\(5A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\)
\(5A-A=\left(5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\right)-\left(5+5^2+...+5^{12}\right)\)
\(4A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}-5-5^2-...-5^{12}\)
\(4A=5^{13}-5\)
\(A=\dfrac{5^{13}-5}{4}\)
Chứng minh rằng: A = 3^2 + 3^3 + 3^4 + 3^5 + … + 3^2020 + 3^2021 chia hết cho 36 - Hoc24
\(A=\left(3^2+3^3\right)+3^2\left(3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{2018}\left(3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(=36+3^2.36+...+3^{2018}.36=36\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2018}\right)⋮36\)
\(A=\left(3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5\right)+...+\left(3^{2020}+3^{2021}\right)\\ A=\left(3^2+3^3\right)+3^2\left(3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{2018}\left(3^2+3^3\right)\\ A=\left(3^2+3^3\right)\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2018}\right)\\ A=36\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2018}\right)⋮36\)
Giải:
a) \(M=21^9+21^8+21^7+...+21+1\)
Do \(21^n\) luôn có tận cùng là 1
\(\Rightarrow M=21^9+21^8+21^7+...+21+1\)
Tân cùng của M là:
\(1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1=10\) tận cùng là 0
\(\Rightarrow M⋮10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M⋮2;5\)
b) \(N=6+6^2+6^3+...+6^{2020}\)
\(N=6.\left(1+6\right)+6^3.\left(1+6\right)+...+6^{2019}.\left(1+6\right)\)
\(N=6.7+6^3.7+...+6^{2019}.7\)
\(N=7.\left(6+6^3+...+6^{2019}\right)⋮7\)
\(\Rightarrow N⋮7\)
Ta thấy: \(N=6+6^2+6^3+...+6^{2020}⋮6\)
Mà \(6⋮̸9\)
\(\Rightarrow N⋮̸9\)
c) \(P=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{23}+4^{24}\)
\(P=1.\left(4+4^2\right)+4^2.\left(4+4^2\right)+...+4^{20}.\left(4+4^2\right)+4^{22}.\left(4+4^2\right)\)
\(P=1.20+4^2.20+...+4^{20}.20+4^{22}.20\)
\(P=20.\left(1+4^2+...+4^{20}+4^{22}\right)⋮20\)
\(\Rightarrow P⋮20\)
\(P=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{23}+4^{24}\)
\(P=4.\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{22}.\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)
\(P=4.21+...+4^{22}.21\)
\(P=21.\left(4+...+4^{22}\right)⋮21\)
\(\Rightarrow P⋮21\)
d) \(Q=6+6^2+6^3+...+6^{99}\)
\(Q=6.\left(1+6+6^2\right)+...+6^{97}.\left(1+6+6^2\right)\)
\(Q=6.43+...+6^{97}.43\)
\(Q=43.\left(6+...+6^{97}\right)⋮43\)
\(\Rightarrow Q⋮43\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
\(a,\)Ta có:
\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{10}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^9+3^{10}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^9\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=3\cdot4+3^3\cdot4+...+3^9\cdot4\)
\(=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^9\right)⋮4\)
\(\Rightarrow3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{10}⋮10\\ \Rightarrow A⋮10\)
\(\Rightarrow\)ĐPCM
Bài 1:
$-1+2-3+4-5+6-7+8-...-2019+2020-2021$
$=(2+4+6+8+...+2020)-(1+3+5+...+2021)$
$=(\frac{2020-2}{2}+1).\frac{2020+2}{2}-(\frac{2021-1}{2}+1).\frac{2021+1}{2}=1021110- 1022121=-1011$
Bài 1 cách 2:
$A=-1+2-3+4-5+6-7+8-....-2019+2020-2021$
$=-1+(2-3)+(4-5)+(6-7)+....+(2020-2021)$
$=-1+\underbrace{(-1)+(-1)+...+(-1)}_{1010}=-1+(-1).1010=-1011$
\(A=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{2019}\left(1+2\right)\\ A=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{2019}\right)⋮3\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2020}\)
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{2019}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{2019}.3\)
\(=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{2019}\right)⋮3\)