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Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\frac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^2-b^2}{bk.b}=\frac{b^2.k^2-b^2}{b^2k}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{b^2k}=\frac{k^2-1}{k}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{c^2-d^2}{cd}=\frac{\left(dk\right)^2-d^2}{dk.d}=\frac{d^2k^2-d^2}{d^2k}=\frac{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2.k}=\frac{k^2-1}{k}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)=>\(\frac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\frac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\).
a) \(\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\)
\(=7^2-4.12=49-48=1\)
b(\(\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+4ab\)
\(=20^2+4.3=400+12=412\)
Cm: a, Ta có:
(a+b)2 = a2 + 2ab +b2 (1)
(a-b)2 + 4ab = a2 - 2ab +b2 + 4ab = a2 + 2ab +b2 ( 2)
Từ (1), (2) => đpcm
b. Ta có
(a-b)2 = a2 - 2ab +b2 (3)
(a+b)2 - 4ab = a2 + 2ab +b2 - 4ab = a2 - 2ab +b2 (4)
Từ (3),(4)=> đpcm
Áp dụng tính chất:
a, (a-b)2 = (a+b)2 - 4ab = 72 -4.12 = 1
b,(a+b)2 = (a-b)2 + 4ab = 202 + 4.3 = 412
Chúc bn hc tốt!
(a-b)2 = (a-b).(a-b)
= a2 - ab - ab + b2
= a2 - 2ab + b2 (đpcm)
a) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\begin{cases}a=kb\\c=kd\end{cases}\)
=> \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(kb\right)^2+b^2}{\left(kd\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{kbb}{kdd}=\frac{k.b^2}{k.d^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
b) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=k^3\)
Mà: \(k^3=\frac{a}{d}\) => \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{a}{d}\)
a)Ta có:\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{d}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 2:
\(\Leftrightarrow3^x+3^x\cdot9=2430\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3^x\cdot10=2430\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3^x=243\)
hay x=5
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
Chứng minh: \(VP=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=x^3-x^2y+xy^2+x^2y-xy^2+y^3=x^3+y^3=VP\)
Áp dụng vào bài
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Ta có \(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow-c=a+b\)
\(\Rightarrow c^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b\right)=a^2+2ab+b^2\)
Xét \(a^3+b^3+a^2c+b^2c-abc\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)-3abc\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c.c^2-3abc\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=a^3+a^2b+2a^2b+2ab^2+ab^2+b^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc\)
\(=a^2\left(a+b\right)+2ab\left(a+b\right)+b^2\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+c^3\) ( do a+b+c=0 )
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(a+b\right)+b\left(a+b\right)\right]+c^3\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c^3=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\)
( Áp dụng \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\) )
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]=0\) ( do a+b+c=0 )
Vậy \(a^3+b^3+a^2c+b^2c-abc=0\)
Bài 1:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt\). Khi đó:
a)
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{(bt)^2}{(bt)^2+b^2}=\frac{b^2t^2}{b^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{t^2}{t^2+1}(1)\)
\(\frac{c^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(dt)^2}{(dt)^2+d^2}=\frac{d^2t^2}{d^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{t^2}{t^2+1}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
b)
\(\left(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{bt+dt}{b+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{t(b+d)}{b+d}\right)^2=t^2(3)\)
\(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{(bt)^2+(dt)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{t^2(b^2+d^2)}{b^2+d^2}=t^2(4)\)
Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \left(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}$ (đpcm)
Bài 2:
Từ $a^2=bc\Rightarrow \frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{a}$
Đặt $\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{a}=t\Rightarrow a=ct; b=at$. Khi đó:
a)
$\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+a^2}=\frac{(ct)^2+c^2}{(at)^2+a^2}=\frac{c^2(t^2+1)}{a^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{c^2}{a^2}=(\frac{c}{a})^2=\frac{1}{t^2}(1)$
Và:
$\frac{c}{b}=\frac{a}{tb}=\frac{a}{t.at}=\frac{1}{t^2}(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
b)
$\left(\frac{c+2019a}{a+2019b}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c+2019a}{ct+2019at}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c+2019a}{t(c+2019a)}\right)^2=\frac{1}{t^2}(3)$
Từ $(2);(3)$ suy ra đpcm.
\(a^3-b^3=\left(a-b\right).\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3-b^3=a^3+a^2b+ab^2-a^2b-ab^2-b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3-b^3=a^3-b^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(đpcm\)
\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right).\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3+b^3=a^3-a^2b+ab^2+a^2b-ab^2+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3+b^3=a^3+b^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(đpcm\)