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a) \(\sqrt[]{x^2-4x+4}=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{\left(x-2\right)^2}=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x+3\\x-2=-\left(x+3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}0x=5\left(loại\right)\\x-2=-x-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(2x^2-\sqrt[]{9x^2-6x+1}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-\sqrt[]{\left(3x-1\right)^2}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-\left|3x-1\right|=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3x-1\right|=2x^2-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=2x^2-5\\3x-1=-2x^2+5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-3x-4=0\left(1\right)\\2x^2+3x-6=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải pt (1)
\(\Delta=9+32=41>0\)
Pt \(\left(1\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt[]{41}}{4}\)
Giải pt (2)
\(\Delta=9+48=57>0\)
Pt \(\left(2\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-3\pm\sqrt[]{57}}{4}\)
Vậy nghiệm pt là \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt[]{41}}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-3\pm\sqrt[]{57}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2
a . \(\sqrt{x-1}=3\Leftrightarrow x-1=9\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
b . \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=1\Leftrightarrow x-3=1\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
c . \(\sqrt{25x^2-10x+1}=5\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(5x-1\right)^2}=5\Leftrightarrow5x-1=5\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{6}{5}\)
\(2,\\ a,\sqrt{4x-4}+\sqrt{9x-9}-\sqrt{25x-25}=7\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-1}+3\sqrt{x-1}-5\sqrt{x-1}=7\\ \Leftrightarrow0\sqrt{x-1}=7\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\\ b,\sqrt{2x^2-3}=4\left(x\le-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2};\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\le x\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-3=16\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2=\dfrac{19}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{\dfrac{19}{2}}\left(tm\right)\\x=-\sqrt{\dfrac{19}{2}}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(1,\\ A=\sqrt{5+4x}+\sqrt{7-3x}\\ ĐKXĐ:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5+4x\ge0\\7-3x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-\dfrac{5}{4}\\x\le\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)
khi đó:
\(P\le\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b}=\frac{4}{a+b}\)=> \(\frac{2}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1
Vậy max P = 3 tại a = b = c =1.
Không thích làm cách này đâu nhưng đường cùng rồi nên thua-_-
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+y}=a;\sqrt{y+z}=b;\sqrt{z+x}=c\) suy ra
\(x=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2};y=\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2};z=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2}\). Ta cần chứng minh:
\(abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
Đây là bất đẳng thức Schur bậc 3, ta có đpcm.
a, \(16x^2-5=0\)
\(\Rightarrow16x^2=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{5}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{\frac{5}{16}}\Rightarrow x=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{4}\)
b, \(2\sqrt{x-3}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=4:2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x-3=4\)
\(\Rightarrow x=4+3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=7\)
c, \(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1=3\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=4\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
d, \(\sqrt{x+3}\ge5\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3\ge25\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge22\)
e, \(\sqrt{3x-1}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-1< 4\)
\(\Rightarrow3x< 5\)
\(\Rightarrow x< \frac{5}{3}\)
g, \(\sqrt{x^2-9}+\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-3}\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)=0\)
\(\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
a) \(16x^2-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=\frac{5}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{\frac{5}{16}}\)
b) \(2\sqrt{x-3}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=7\)
c) \(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+1}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
d) \(\sqrt{x+3}\ge5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3\ge25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge22\)
e) \(\sqrt{3x-1}< 2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-1< 4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x< 5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x< \frac{5}{3}\)
g) \(\sqrt{x^2-9}+\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)=0\)
Vì \(\left(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x-3}\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{9x+9}+\sqrt{4x+4}-2\sqrt{16x+16}=\sqrt{x+1}-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x+1}+2\sqrt{x+1}-8\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x+1}=-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=4\)
hay x=3
