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a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\) (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a--->2a----------->a
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
b---->3b---------->2b
=> \(2a+3b=0,8\) (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1; b = 0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{CO_2}=a+2b=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,5------>0,5
=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,5.100=50\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{hhk}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
`->` Khí thoát ra là CH4
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100=66,67\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=100-66,67=33,33\%\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Br_2}=0.1\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(0.2..........0.2\)
\(n_{CH_4}=0.3-0.2=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
Câu b anh nghĩ phải là đốt cháy sau đó dẫn sản phẩm vào Ba(OH)2 dư nha .
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.1.....................0.1\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(.............0.1.......0.1\)
\(m_{BaCO_3}=0.1\cdot197=19.7\left(g\right)\)
Bài 7.
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06mol\Rightarrow n_C=0,06mol\Rightarrow m_C=0,72g\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,62}{18}=0,09mol\Rightarrow n_H=0,18mol\Rightarrow m_H=0,18g\)
Ta có \(m_C+m_H=m_X\Rightarrow X\) chỉ chứa C và H.
Gọi CTHH là \(C_xH_y\)
\(x:y=\dfrac{m_C}{12}:\dfrac{m_H}{1}=\dfrac{0,72}{12}:\dfrac{0,18}{1}=0,06:0,18=1:3\)
\(\Rightarrow CH_3\)
Gọi CTPT là \(\left(CH_3\right)_n\Rightarrow M=15n\) (n∈N*)
Mà theo bài:
\(22< M_X< 38\Rightarrow22< 15n< 38\Rightarrow1,467< n< 2,53\)
\(\Rightarrow n=2\Rightarrow C_2H_6\)
Chất X không làm mất màu dung dịch brom.
\(C_2H_6+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}C_2H_5Cl+HCl\)
a)
Khí còn lại là CH4
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{1,16-0,02.16}{28}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,02+0,03}.100\%=40\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,02+0,03}.100\%=60\%\)
b)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,02-------------->0,02
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,03------------->0,06
=> nCO2 = 0,02 + 0,06 = 0,08 (mol)
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,08----->0,08
=> mCaCO3 = 0,08.100 = 8 (g)
\(n_{hh}=6,72:22,4=0,3mol\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2->C_2H_2Br_4\\ C_2H_4+Br_2->C_2H_2Br_2\\ n_{Br_2}=0,4mol\\ n_{C_2H_2}=a;n_{C_2H_4}=b\\ a+b=0,3\\ 2a+b=0,4\\ a=0,2;b=0,1\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=33,33\%\)
1/2 hỗn hợp có 0,1 mol C2H2 và 0,05mol C2H4
\(BT.C:n_{CO_2}=2n_{C_2H_2}+2n_{C_2H_4}=0,3mol\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,3\\ m_{KT}=0,3.100=30g\)
a, Ta có \(n_{CH_4}+n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}+3n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{CH_4}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\V_{C_2H_4}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(m_{CH_4}=0,05.16=0,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Br_2}=n_{C_2H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddBr_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{C_2H_4}=0,1.28=2,8\left(g\right)\)
a.\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\\n_{C_2H_4}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x x ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{40}{100}=0,4mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,3\\x+2y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100=66,67\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
b.\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Br_2}=0,1.160:10\%=160g\)