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a: ĐKXĐ: a>=0; b>=0; ab<>0; a<>1\(M=\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)-3a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3a-3\sqrt{ab}-3a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a-2\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{a-1}=\dfrac{1}{a-1}\)
b: M nguyên khi a-1 thuộc {1;-1}
=>a thuộc {2;0}
a) P = \(\left(\frac{3\sqrt{a}}{a+\sqrt{a}+b}-\frac{3a}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right):\frac{\left(a-1\right).\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(2.a+2.\sqrt{ab}+2.b\right)}\)
= \(\left(\frac{3\sqrt{a}.\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)-3.a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right).\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\right).\frac{2.\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(a-1\right).\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
= \(\frac{a-2.\sqrt{ab}+b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}.\frac{2}{\left(a-1\right).\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
= \(\frac{2}{a-1}\)
b) P nguyên <=> \(\frac{2}{a-1}\)nguyên => 2 \(⋮\)a - 1
=> ( a- 1 ) = { \(\pm\)1 ; \(\pm\) 2} => a = { -1 ; 0 ; 2 ;3 }
\(P=\left(\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}}{a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{3a}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right):\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{2a+2\sqrt{ab}+2b}\left(đk:a\ne b,a\ge0,b\ge0\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3a-3\sqrt{ab}-3a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{b}\right)}.\dfrac{2\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a-2\sqrt{ab}+b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}.\dfrac{2}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2.2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\left(a-1\right)}=\dfrac{2}{a-1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow a-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)
Do \(a\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a\in\left\{0;2;3\right\}\)
Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}}{a+\sqrt{ab}+b}-\dfrac{3a}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right):\left(\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{2a+2\sqrt{ab}+2b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3a-3\sqrt{ab}-3a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{a-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{a-1}\)
Để P là số nguyên thì \(a-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
hay \(a\in\left\{2;0;3\right\}\)
a: \(P=\dfrac{3a-3\sqrt{ab}-3a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}:\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{2\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
=2/a-1
b: Để P nguyên thì \(a-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
=>\(a\in\left\{2;0;3\right\}\)
Lời giải:
ĐK: $x\geq 0; x\neq 4; x\neq 9$
a)
\(P=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}+\frac{(2\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}-2)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}-\frac{(\sqrt{x}+3)(\sqrt{x}-3)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9+(2\sqrt{x}+1)(\sqrt{x}-2)-(\sqrt{x}+3)(\sqrt{x}-3)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}-2}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}\)
\(=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{(\sqrt{x}-3)(\sqrt{x}-2)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
Với $x$ nguyên, để $P$ nguyên thì $\sqrt{x}-3$ phải là ước nguyên của $4$
Mà $\sqrt{x}-3\geq -3$ nên:
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}-3\in\left\{\pm 1;\pm 2;4\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{4;16;1;25;49\right\}$ (đều thỏa mãn.
Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ: $x>0; x\neq 4$
Sửa lại đề 1 chút.
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right).\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-2+\sqrt{x}+2}{(\sqrt{x}+2)(\sqrt{x}-2)}.\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{(\sqrt{x}-2)(\sqrt{x}+2)}.\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(B=\frac{7}{3}A=\frac{14}{3(\sqrt{x}+2)}\)
Với mọi $x>0$ thì hiển nhiên $B>0$. Mặt khác, $\sqrt{x}+2\geq 2$ nên $B=\frac{14}{3(\sqrt{x}+2)}\leq \frac{14}{6}=\frac{7}{3}$
Vậy $0< B\leq \frac{7}{3}$. $B$ đạt giá trị nguyên thì $B=1;2$
$B=1\Leftrightarrow \frac{14}{3(\sqrt{x}+2)}=1$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{64}{9}$ (thỏa mãn)
$B=2\Leftrightarrow \frac{14}{3(\sqrt{x}+2)}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{9}$ (thỏa mãn)
a: \(P=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1}{a+1}:\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}}{\left(a+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1}{a+1}:\dfrac{a+1-2\sqrt{a}}{\left(a+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
b: Để P<1 thì P-1<0
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}+1-\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}< 0\)
hay 0<a<1
\(I=\dfrac{a-\sqrt{ab}+b+3\sqrt{ab}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\cdot\left[\left(\dfrac{a+\sqrt{ab}+b+3\sqrt{ab}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{a-b}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{a+2\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\cdot\left(\dfrac{a+4\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\cdot\dfrac{a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{a-b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{a-\sqrt{ab}+b}\cdot\dfrac{a+4\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+4\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\cdot\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\)
Khi a=16 và b=4 thì \(I=\dfrac{16+4+4\cdot\sqrt{16\cdot4}}{\left(4-2\right)^2\cdot\left(16-\sqrt{16\cdot4}+4\right)}=\dfrac{20+4\cdot8}{4\cdot12}\)
\(=\dfrac{20+32}{48}=\dfrac{52}{48}=\dfrac{13}{12}\)
