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Ta có để phương trình có nghiệm thì:
\(\Delta=k^2-4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow k\ge2;k\le-2\)
Theo đề thì ta có
\(\left(\frac{x_1}{x_2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^2\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x_1^4+x_2^4-3\left(x_1x_2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2\right)^2-5x_1x_2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4k^2-4\right)^2-5.4^2\ge0\)
Làm nốt
\(\left|k\right|\ge2\)
\(P=\left(\frac{x_1}{x_2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^2=\left(\frac{x_1}{x_2}+\frac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^2-2=\left(\frac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2}{x_1x_2}-2\right)^2-2\\ \)
\(P=\left(\frac{\left(2k\right)^2}{4}-2\right)^2-2=\left(k^2-2\right)^2-2\)
\(P\ge3\Rightarrow\left(k^2-2\right)^2\ge5\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}k^2-2\le-\sqrt{5}\left(l\right)\\k^2-2\ge\sqrt{5}\left(n\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}k\le-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5}}\\k\ge\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5}}\end{cases}}\)
tồn tại x1 ; x2=> k thuôc (-vc;-2]U[2;vc)
tồn tại x1,2<>0 ; f(0)<>0<=> luôn đúng => k thuôc (-vc;-2]U[2;vc)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_1}\right)^2-2\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{x^2_1+x^2_2}{x_1.x_2}\right)^2-2=\left(\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1.x_2}{x_1.x_2}\right)^2-2\)
\(A\ge3\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2}{x_1.x_2}-2\right)^2\ge5\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2}{x_1.x_2}-2\ge\sqrt{5}\left(1\right)\\\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2}{x_1.x_2}-2\le-\sqrt{5}\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) \(\dfrac{\left(2k\right)^2}{4}\ge2+\sqrt{5}\Leftrightarrow k^2\ge2+\sqrt{5}\Rightarrow k\in(-\infty;-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5}}]U[\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5}};+\infty)\)
(2)<=> \(\dfrac{\left(2k\right)^2}{4}\le2-\sqrt{5}\Leftrightarrow k^2\le2-\sqrt{5}\left(l\right)\)
kết hợp nghiệm \(k\in(-\infty;-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5}}]U[\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5}};+\infty)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=\dfrac{20a-11}{2012}\\x_1x_2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{x_1-x_2}{2}-\dfrac{x_1-x_2}{x_1x_2}\right)^2\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2+2\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{x_1x_2}\right)^2\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2+2\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2\)
\(=6\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2=6\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-24x_1x_2\)
\(=6\left(\dfrac{20a-11}{2012}\right)^2+24\ge24\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{11}{20}\)
\(\Delta'=\left(m+1\right)^2-\left(2m-3\right)=m^2+4>0\) ; \(\forall m\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Phương trình luôn có 2 nghiệm pb với mọi m
Theo hệ thức Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=2m+2\\x_1x_2=2m-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(P=\left|\dfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1-x_2}\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=0\) khi \(x_1+x_2=0\Leftrightarrow m=-1\)
Đề là yêu cầu tìm max hay min nhỉ? Min thế này thì có vẻ là quá dễ
\(\Delta'=\left(m+1\right)^2-\left(2m-3\right)=m^2+4>0,\forall m\inℝ\)
nên phương trình luôn có hai nghiệm phân biệt \(x_1+x_2\).
Theo định lí Viete:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x_1+x_2=2m+2\\x_1x_2=2m-3\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\left|\frac{x_1+x_2}{x_1-x_2}\right|=\frac{\left|x_1+x_2\right|}{\left|x_1-x_2\right|}=\frac{\left|x_1+x_2\right|}{\sqrt{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-4x_1x_2}}\)
\(=\frac{\left|2m+2\right|}{\sqrt{\left(2m+2\right)^2-4\left(2m-3\right)}}=\frac{\left|2m+2\right|}{\sqrt{4m^2+16}}=\frac{\left|m+1\right|}{\sqrt{m^2+4}}\ge0\)
Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(m=-1\).