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\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a) \(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=0,15\cdot120=18\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd,H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15}{2,4}=0,0625\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2,5}=0,08\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,3 0,1 0,3
a) \(m_{muối}=m_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)
b) \(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c)\(V_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3}{3}=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
2 Al + 3 H2SO4 -----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
0,2 : 0,3 : 0,1 : 0,3 (mol)
nAl= \(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\approx0,2\) (mol)
a) mAl2(SO4)3 = 0,1.342 = 34,2 (g)
b) VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (lít)
c) VH2SO4 = \(\dfrac{0,3}{3}=0,1\) (lít)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ 0,2........0,3...........0,1...........0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a.C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,1=34,2\left(g\right)\\ c.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
b) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n.M=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3mo\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{196.20}{100.98}=0,4mol\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4.dư\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\\ V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,3.24,79=7,437l\\ b)C_{\%FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.152}{16,8+196-0,3.2}\cdot100=14,32\%\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,4-0,3\right).98}{16,8+196-0,3.2}\cdot100=4,62\%\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(a,m_{MgSO_4}=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\)
\(b,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(c,m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98.100}{10}=98\left(g\right)\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a). \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒\(V_{H2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b). \(80ml=0,08l\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
→\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,08}=3,75\left(M\right)\)
c). \(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{MgSO4}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
→\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{6,72}=0,04\left(M\right)\)
d). \(MgSO_4+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{BaSO4\uparrow}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}\)=0,3(mol)
→\(m_{BaSO4\downarrow}=n.M=0,3.233=69,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}\)=0,3(mol)
\(\rightarrow V_{ddBa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{1,6}=0,1875\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Ca+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{CaSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(V_{H_2}=0,3.24,79=7,437\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{CaSO_4}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{1,6}=0,1875\left(l\right)\)