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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1. Thực hiện phép tính bằng cách hợp lí :
a) (-46) + (-125) + 46 + 25 = [(-46)+46] + [(-125)+25]
= 0+(-100) = -100
b) 25.(-15) + 25.(-5) + (-20).75 = 25.[(-15)+(-5)] + (-20).75
= 25.(-20) + (-20).75 = (-20).(25+75) = (-20).100 = -2000
c) (-151)+(-37)+(-42)+(-63)+142 =(-151)+[(-37)+(-63)]+[(-42)+142]
= (-151) + [(-100) + 100] = -151
d)32+(-149)+(-311)+(-89)+(-51) = 32+[(-149)+(-51)] + [(-311)+(-89)]
= 32+[(-200)+(-400)] = 32+(-600) = -568
e)-65.(87-17)-87.(17-65) = (-65).87 - (-65).17 - 87.17 + 87.65
= (-65).87 + 65.17 - 87.17 + 87.65 = [(-65).87+87.65] + 65.(17-87)
= 65.(-70) = -4550
g) -43.(53-16) - 53.(16-43) = (-43).53 - (-43).16 - 53.16 + 53.43
= (-43).53 + 43.16 - 53.16 + 53.43 = [(-43).53+53.43] + 16.(43-53)
= 16.(-10) = -160
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) 5.2² + (x + 3) = 5²
5.4 + x + 3 = 25
20 + x + 3 = 25
x + 23 = 25
x = 25 - 23
x = 2
b) 2³ + (x - 3²) = 5³ - 4³
8 + (x - 9) = 125 - 64
8 + x - 9 = 61
x - 1 = 61
x = 61 + 1
x = 62
c) 4.(x - 5) - 2³ = 2⁴.3
4x - 20 - 8 = 16.3
4x - 28 = 48
4x = 48 + 28
4x = 76
x = 76 : 4
x = 19
d) 5.(x + 7) - 10 = 2³.5
5x + 35 - 10 = 8.5
5x + 25 = 40
5x = 40 - 25
5x = 15
x = 15 : 5
x = 3
e) 7² - 7.(13 - x) = 14
49 - 91 + 7x = 14
7x - 42 = 14
7x = 14 + 42
7x = 56
x = 56 : 7
x = 8
a) \(5\cdot2^2+\left(x+3\right)=5^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3=5^2-5\cdot2^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3=25-5\cdot4\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=5-3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
b) \(2^3+\left(x-3^2\right)=5^3-4^3\)
\(\Rightarrow8+\left(x-9\right)=125-64\)
\(\Rightarrow8+x-9=61\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1=61\)
\(\Rightarrow x=61+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=62\)
c) \(4\left(x-5\right)-2^3=2^4\cdot3\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(x-5\right)=2^4\cdot3+2^3\)
\(\Rightarrow4\cdot\left(x-5\right)=16\cdot3+8\)
\(\Rightarrow4\cdot\left(x-5\right)=56\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5=56:4\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5=14\)
\(\Rightarrow x=19\)
d) \(5\left(x+7\right)-10=2^3\cdot5\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(x+7\right)=8\cdot5+10\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(x+7\right)=40+10\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(x+7\right)=50\)
\(\Rightarrow x+7=10\)
\(\Rightarrow x=10-7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
e) \(7^2-7\left(13-x\right)=14\)
\(\Rightarrow7\left(13-x\right)=7^2-14\)
\(\Rightarrow7\left(13-x\right)=49-14\)
\(\Rightarrow7\left(13-x\right)=35\)
\(\Rightarrow13-x=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=13-5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=8\)
f) \(5x-5^2=10\)
\(\Rightarrow5x=10+5^2\)
\(\Rightarrow5x=10+25\)
\(\Rightarrow5x=35\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{35}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=7\)
g) \(9x-2\cdot3^2=3^4\)
\(\Rightarrow9x=3^4+2\cdot3^2\)
\(\Rightarrow9x=81+2\cdot9\)
\(\Rightarrow9x=99\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{99}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=11\)
h) \(10x+2^2\cdot5=10^2\)
\(\Rightarrow10x=10^2-2^2\cdot5\)
\(\Rightarrow10x=100-4\cdot5\)
\(\Rightarrow10x=80\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{80}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=8\)
i) \(125-5\left(4+x\right)=15\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(4+x\right)=125-5\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(4+x\right)=120\)
\(\Rightarrow4+x=\dfrac{120}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow4+x=24\)
\(\Rightarrow x=24-4\)
\(\Rightarrow x=20\)
j) \(2^6+\left(5+x\right)=3^4\)
\(\Rightarrow5+x=3^4-2^6\)
\(\Rightarrow5+x=81-64\)
\(\Rightarrow5+x=17\)
\(\Rightarrow x=17-5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=12\)
a) 25-5x+3-4=0
=> 24-5x=0
=> 5x=24
=> x=\(\dfrac{24}{5}\)
b) 259-51/4x+3/=100.3+10=310
=> -51/4x+3/=310-259=51
=> /4x+3/=-51 (1)
Vi /4x+3/≥0 (2)
Tu (1)(2) => pt vo nghiem
c) 7x-21-15+5x=6
=> 12x-36-6=0
=> 12x-42=0
=> 12x=42
=> x=\(\dfrac{42}{12}=\dfrac{7}{2}\)