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1 Mary could not go to school because she was sick
Because of__beng sick, Mary could not go to school___
2 Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home
Because of__a big storm, I stayed at home__
3 Because he had finished the paper, he went to sleep
Because of__having finished the paper, he went to sleep__
4 It was dark, so I could see nothing
Because__it was dark, I could see nothing___
5 Because of being late, she couldn't come into class
Because__she was late, she couldn't come into class___
Ex 1: Rewrite using because/because of
1 Mary could not go to school because she was sick
Because of___being sick, Mary could not go to school__
2 Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home
Because of___a big storm, I stayed at home_
3 Because he had finished the paper, he went to sleep
Because of___having finished the paper, he went to sleep_
4 It was dark, so I could see nothing
Because___it was dark, I could see nothing__
5 Because of being late, she couldn't come into class
Because__she was late,she couldn't come into class___
Join the following pairs of sentences using because and because of:
1. He didn’t go to school. It was raining .
-> He didn’t go to school because it was raining.
-> He didn’t go to school because of the rain.
2. The student arrived late. There was a traffic jam.
………………The student arrived late because of the traffic jam.……
3. We decided to leave early. The party was boring.
……………We decided to leave early because of the boring party.………
4. It was a public holiday. All the shops were shut.
………………All the shops were shut because of the public holiday.………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. I lost my job. I was ill.
………………I lost my job because of my illness……………………………………………………………………
Exercise 6: Adverb clauses of reason:
They like him because he is kind.
➔ Because of his kindness , they like him .
I can’t sleep because it is cold.
➔ Because of the cold weather , I can't sleep .
We came late because there was the traffic jam
➔ Because of the traffic jam , we came late .
She went to bed early because she felt tired.
➔ Because of feeling tired , she went to bed early .
The test is difficult, so we can’t do it.
➔ Because of the difficult test , we can't do it .
They didn’t go for a picnic because there was a storm.
➔ Because of the storm , they didn't go for a picnic .
I can’t study because it is noisy outside.
➔ Because of the noise outside , I can't study .
All the teacher love him because his conduct is good.
➔ All the teacher love him because of his good conduct .
Because she didn’t get up early, she missed the first bus.
➔ She missed the first bus because of not getting up early .
She didn’t go to school because she was sick.
➔ She didn't go to school because of her sickness .
Because there was a strike, the workers stopped working.
➔ Because of the strike , the workers stopped working .
We couldn’t drive because the streets are crowded.
➔ Because of the crowded streets , we couldn't drive .
She worked very hard to earn a lot of money because her mother was sick.
➔ Because of her mother's sickness , she worked very hard to earn a lot of money .
Because it snowed continuously, we couldn’t go out.
➔ Because of the continuous snow , we couldn't go out .
The accident happened because the driver was careless.
➔ The accident happened because of the careless driver .
Because the door was broken, we decided to fix it.
➔ Because of the broken door , we decided to fix it .
Because my friend was absent, I must copy all the lesson for him.
➔ Because of my friend's absence , I must copy all lesson for him .
Although she was clever, she didn’t succeed.
➔ In spite of her cleverness , she didn't succeed .
Although my grandfather is old, he walks to the pagoda every day.
➔ Despite being cold , my grandfather walks to the pagoda every day .
He is unhappy though he has a good salary.
➔ Inspite of his good salary , he is unhappy .
WRITE AS DIRECTED
1. i am a member of ati-pollution program in my school. I often go to school by bus ( so )
=>l am a member of air-pollution program in my school, so l often go to school by bus.
2. When did you buy this dictionary? ( how long... )
=>How long have you bought this dictionary?
3. Because there was an accident, i was late ( made )
=>An accident made me to be late4. This is the first time i had such a delicious mel ( i haven't... )
=>l haven't had such a delicious meal before
5. I haven't spoke English since last summer ( it's a year... )
=>It's a year since l have spoken English
6. She fail the University entrance exam because her grades were bad ( due to )
7. Because of studying hard, Long passed the exam ( because )
=>Long passed the exam because he studied hard
8. Phong is lazy, so he gets a lot of bad marks ( lead to )
9. Many fish are dead due to the polluted water ( result in )
1. Because she was old, she retired.
Because of ……being old, she retired. ……………………………………………………………
2. Because she was sick, she went to bed early
Because of ……being sick,.she went to bed early ………………………………………….………………
3. We had a punishment because we got bad marks
Because of …getting bad marks, We had a punishment……………………………………………………………….………………
4. Tom failed the exam because of his laziness
Because …he was lazy, Tom failed the exam…………………………………………………………………….………………
5. Because it rained heavily, we didn’t go on a picnic
Because of …the heavy rain, we didn’t go on a picnic……………………………………………………………………………
6. Because of her age, she could’t work all day.
Because …she was old, she could’t work all day.………………………………………………………………….………………
7. Because he drove badly, he caused many accidents
Because of ……driving badly, he caused many accidents………………………………………………………..………………
8. Because Mary got up late, she missed the last train
Because of …getting up late, she missed the last train ……………………………………………………………..………………
1.We went on a picnic although the weather was cold
Despite………the cold weather, We went on a picnic……………………………………………………………………….
2. Even though he came late, he still saw all the film
Inspite of………coming late, he still saw all the film ……………………………………………………………………….
3.Although she is old, she does morning exercises every day
despite…being old, she does morning exercises every day…………………………………………………………………….
4. Although they were poor, the children seemed very happy
Inspite of…being poor, the children seemed very happy…………………………………………………………………….
5. Although she was succesful, she felt dissatisfied
Inspite …of beung successful, she felt dissatisfied……………………………………………………………………………….
6. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert
Inspite of……of taking a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert………………………………………………………………….
7. In spite of his laziness, he passed the exam easily
Though…he was lazy,he passed the exam easily ………………………………………………………………………………
8. Despite of her sickness, she went to school
Even thoughshe was sick, she went to school…………………………………………………………………..
9. In spite of being late, he still saw the beginning of the show
………Although he was late, he still saw the beginning of the show………………………………………………………………..
10. Despite of the rain, we went on a picnic in the park ……
Although it rained…, we went on a picnic in the park ……………………………………………………………………………..
11. Despite her dislike for coffee, she drank it
………Although she dislikes coffee, she drank it………………………………………………………………………………….
1. Because she was old, she retired. Because of ……being old,she retired……………………………………………………………… 2. Because she was sick, she went to bed early Because of her sickness, she went to bed early ……………………………………………….……………… 3. We had a punishment because we got bad marks Because of getting bad marks, We had a punishment………………………………………………………………….……………… 4. Tom failed the exam because of his laziness Because Tom was lazy,he failed the exam……………………………………………………………………….……………… 5. Because it rained heavily, we didn’t go on a picnic Because of the heavy rain,we didn't go on a picnic……………………………………………………………………………… 6. Because of her age, she could’t work all day. Because she was old,she could’t work all day…………………………………………………………………….……………… 7. Because he drove badly, he caused many accidents Because of driving badly, he caused many accidents……………………………………………………………..……………… 8. Because Mary got up late, she missed the last train Because of getting up late, she missed the last train………………………………………………………………..……………… 1.We went on a picnic although the weather was cold Despite……the cold weather,We went on a picnic …………………………………………………………………………. 2. Even though he came late, he still saw all the film Inspite of……coming late , he still saw all the film …………………………………………………………………………. 3.Although she is old, she does morning exercises every day despite……her age,she does morning exercises every day …………………………………………………………………. 4. Although they were poor, the children seemed very happy Inspite of their poverty,the children seemed very happy………………………………………………………………………. 5. Although she was succesful, she felt dissatisfied Inspite of being succesful, she felt dissatisfied…………………………………………………………………………………. 6. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert Inspite of……taking a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert …………………………………………………………………. 7. In spite of his laziness, he passed the exam easily Though…he was lazy,he passed the exam easily……………………………………………………………………………… 8. Despite of her sickness, she went to school Even though…she was sick, she went to school ……………………………………………………………….. 9. In spite of being late, he still saw the beginning of the show ………Although he was late, he still saw the beginning of the show……………………………………………………………….. 10. Despite of the rain, we went on a picnic in the park …………Although it rained heavily,we went on a picnic in the park…………………………………………………………………….. 11. Despite her dislike for coffee, she drank it ………Although she didn't like coffee,she drank it……………………………………………………………………………
1. Because she was old, she retired.
Because of being old, she retired ……………………………………………………………………
2. Because she was sick, she went to bed early
Because of her sickness, she went to bed early……………………………………………….………………
3. We had a punishment because we got bad marks
Because of getting punished, we had a punishment ………………………………………………………………….………………
4. Tom failed the exam because of his laziness
Because Tom was lazy, hệ failed the exam……………………………………………………………………….………………
5. Because it rained heavily, we didn’t go on a picnic
Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go on a picnic………………………………………………………………………………
6. Because of her age, she could’t work all day.
Because she is old, she couldn't work all day…………………………………………………………………….………………
7. Because he drove badly, he caused many accidents
Because of driving badly, hệ caused many accidents……………………………………………………………..………………
8. Because Mary got up late, she missed the last train
Because of getting up late, Mary missed the last train ………………………………………………………………..………………
1.We went on a picnic although the weather was cold Despite the cold water, we went on a picnic……………………………………………………………………………….
2. Even though he came late, he still saw all the film
Inspite of coming late, hệ still saw all the film………………………………………………………………………………. 3.Although she is old, she does morning exercises every day despite being old, she does morning exercises every day……………………………………………………………………….
4. Although they were poor, the children seemed very happy
Inspite of their poverty, thế children seemed very happy……………………………………………………………………….
5. Although she was succesful, she felt dissatisfied
Inspite of her success, she felt dissatisfied…………………………………………………………………………………. 6. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert
Inspite of taking a tãi, , Bill still late for the concert……………………………………………………………………….
7. In spite of his laziness, he passed the exam easily Though he was lazy, hệ passed the exam easily…………………………………………………………………………………
8. Despite of her sickness, she went to school
Even though she was sick, she went to school…………………………………………………………………..
9. In spite of being late, he still saw the beginning of the show
Although he was late, he still.....show………………………………………………………………………..
10. Despite of the rain, we went on a picnic in the park Although ít rained, we..........the park………………………………………………………………………………..
11. Despite her dislike for coffee, she drank it
Although she disliked coffee, she drank it……………………………………………………………
III. Combines these pairs of sentences. Use connectives because, as, since.
1. because/ as /since there was an accident that caused a traffic jam,my father went to his office late.
2. because/ as /since the weather was so bad,we had to cancel our trip.
3. You can not drink water from that well because/ as /since it is impure.
4. Some rare animals were killed because/ as /since Somebody burned the forest.
5. The Dong Nai River is polluted because/ as /since Many factories let their waste chemicals run directly into the river.
6. People need to purify the water in the river because/ as /since It is so dirty and polluted.
7. because/ as /since They came to the bus stop late, they missed the school bus.
8. Some parts of the Sai Gon River were polluted by oil because/ as /since There was a ship accident last week.
9. The students felt quite sorry because/ as /since They missed the lecture on protecting our environment.
10. The local authorities encourage the citizens to plant more trees in the city because/ as /since Trees can give shadows and purify the polluted air.
1. Because there was a traffic accident, I went to school late.
>> Because of……………………………being a traffic accident, I went to school late. ………………………………………………………
2. Because there is a shortage of meet, we had to live on beans.
>> Because of……………………………being a shortage of meet, we had to live on beans. ………………………………………………………
3. Because there was a lack of water, many trees died rapidly
.>> Because of……………………………being a lack of water, many trees died rapidly ………………………………………………………