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Đặt: \(\frac{x^4}{2x^2+1}=t>0\Rightarrow\frac{2x^2+1}{x^4}=\frac{1}{t}\)

Ta có phương trình: \(t+\frac{1}{t}=2\Leftrightarrow t^2-2t+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow t=1\)

Với t = 1 ta có: \(\frac{x^4}{2x^2+1}=1\)<=> \(x^4-2x^2-1=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2=1+\sqrt{2}\\x^2=1-\sqrt{2}\left(loai\right)\end{cases}}\)

khi đó: \(x=\pm\sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}}\)tm 

Vậy....

Lần sau đăng 3 - 4 ý/câu hỏi thôi :V 

1/ -x² + 4x - 5 = -( x² - 4x + 4 ) - 1 = -( x - 2 )² - 1 

\(-\left(x-2\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-2\right)^2-1\le-1\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 2 = 0 => x = 2

=> GTLN = -1 <=> x = 2

2/ -x² + 2x - 7 = -( x² - 2x + 1 ) - 6 = -( x - 1 )² - 6 

\(-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-6\le-6\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1 = 0 => x = 1

=> GTLN = -6 <=> x = 1

3/ -x² - 6x - 10 = -( x² + 6x + 9 ) - 1 = -( x + 3 )² - 1

\(-\left(x+3\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x+3\right)^2-1\le-1\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 3 = 0 => x = -3

=> GTLN = -1 <=> x = -3

4/ -x² + 2x - 2 = -( x² - 2x + 1 ) - 1 = -( x - 1 )² - 1

\(-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1 = 0 => x = 1

=> GTLN = -1 <=> x = 1

5/ -9x² + 24x - 18 = -9( x² - 8/3x + 16/9 ) - 2 = -9( x - 4/3 )² - 2

\(-9\left(x-\frac{4}{3}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-9\left(x-\frac{4}{3}\right)^2-2\le-2\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 4/3 = 0 => x = 4/3

=> GTLN = -2 <=> x = 4/3

6/ -4x² + 4x - 7 = -4( x² - x + 1/4 ) - 6 = -4( x - 1/2 )² - 6

\(-4\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-4\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-6\le-6\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1/2 = 0 => x = 1/2

=> GTLN = -6 <=> x = 1/2

7/ -16x² + 8x - 2 = -16( x² - 1/2x + 1/16 ) - 1 = -16( x - 1/4 )² - 1

\(-16\left(x-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-16\left(x-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-1\le-1\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1/4 = 0 => x = 1/4

=> GTLN = -1 <=> x = 1/4

8/ -5x² + 20x - 49 = -5( x² - 4x + 4 ) - 29 = -5( x - 2 )² - 29

\(-5\left(x-2\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-5\left(x-2\right)^2-29\le-29\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 2 = 0 => x = 2

=> GTLN = -29 <=> x = 2

9/ -x² + x - 1 = -( x² - x + 1/4 ) - 3/4 = -( x - 1/2 )² - 3/4

\(-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\le-\frac{3}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1/2 = 0 => x = 1/2

=> GTLN = -3/4 <=> x = 1/2

10/ -x² + 3x - 3 = -( x² - 3x + 9/4 ) - 3/4 = -( x - 3/2 )² - 3/4

\(-\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\le-\frac{3}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 3/2 = 0 => x = 3/2

=> GTLN = -3/4 <=> x = 3/2

11/ -x² + 5x - 8 = -( x² - 5x + 25/4 ) - 7/4 = -( x - 5/2 )² - 7/4

\(-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{7}{4}\le-\frac{7}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 5/2 = 0 => x = 5/2

=> GTLN = -7/4 <=> x = 5/2

12/ -9x² + 12x - 5 = -9( x² - 4/3x + 4/9 ) - 1 = -9( x - 2/3 )² - 1

\(-9\left(x-\frac{2}{3}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-9\left(x-\frac{2}{3}\right)^2-1\le-1\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 2/3 = 0 => x = 2/3

=> GTLN = -1 <=> x = 2/3

13/ -x² - 8x - 19 = -( x² + 8x + 16 ) - 3 = -( x + 4 )² - 3

\(-\left(x+4\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x+4\right)^2-3\le-3\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 4 = 0 => x = -4

=> GTLN = -3 <=> x = -4

14/ -x² + 2/3x - 1 = -( x² - 2/3x + 1/9 ) - 8/9 = -( x - 1/3 )² - 8/9

\(-\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2-\frac{8}{9}\le-\frac{8}{9}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1/3 = 0 => x = 1/3

=> GTLN = -8/9 <=> x = 1/3

Mệt :)

a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne\pm2\\x\ne-\frac{13}{6}\end{cases}}\)

Đặt \(A=\left(\frac{1+2x}{4+2x}-\frac{x}{3x-6}+\frac{2x^2}{12-3x^2}\right)\cdot\frac{24-12x}{6+13x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(\frac{1+2x}{2\left(x+2\right)}-\frac{x}{3\left(x-2\right)}-\frac{2x^2}{3\left(x^2-4\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{12\left(2-x\right)}{6+13x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3\left(2x^2-3x-2\right)-2\left(x^2+2x\right)-4x^2}{6\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\cdot\frac{12\left(2-x\right)}{6+13x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{-2\left(6x^2-9x-6-2x^2-4x-4x^2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(6+13x\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{-2\left(-6-13x\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(6+13x\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2}{x+2}\)

b) Để biểu thức nhận giá trị dương

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{x+2}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+2>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>-2\)

Vậy để biểu thức có giá trị dương thì \(x>-2\)

Bài 11:

1) Sửa lại đề là: \(A=127^2+146.127+73^2\)

\(\Rightarrow A=127^2+2.127.73+73^2\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(127+73\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow A=200^2\)

\(\Rightarrow A=40000\)

Vậy \(A=40000.\)

2) Sửa lại đề là: \(B=9^8.2^8-\left(18^4-1\right).\left(18^4+1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow B=\left(9.2\right)^8-\left[\left(18^4\right)^2-1^2\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow B=18^8-\left(18^8-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow B=18^8-18^8+1\)

\(\Rightarrow B=0+1\)

\(\Rightarrow B=1\)

Vậy \(B=1.\)

4) \(D=\left(3+1\right).\left(3^2+1\right).\left(3^4+1\right).\left(3^8+1\right).\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2D=\left(3-1\right).\left(3+1\right).\left(3^2+1\right).\left(3^4+1\right).\left(3^8+1\right).\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)

\(=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)

\(=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)

\(=\left(3^8-1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)

\(=\left(3^{16}-1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)

\(=3^{32}-1\)

\(\Rightarrow D=\frac{3^{32}-1}{2}\)

là sao

Ta có :

\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+3\frac{1}{a}.\frac{1}{b}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-3\frac{1}{a}\frac{1}{b}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-3\frac{1}{a}\frac{1}{b}\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=3\frac{1}{abc}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

Ta lại có :

\(P=\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ca}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{bca}{b^3}+\frac{cab}{c^3}\)

\(=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc.\frac{3}{abc}=3\)

\(\)

Bài làm:

Ta có: \(P=\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ca}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{abc}{b^3}+\frac{abc}{c^3}\)

\(=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)\)

CM HĐT phụ:

Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=\left(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\right)+3abc\)

\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc\right]+3abc\)

\(=\left[\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\right]+3abc\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc\)

Áp dụng vào trên ta được:

\(abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)\)

\(=abc\left[\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}-\frac{1}{ab}-\frac{1}{bc}-\frac{1}{ca}\right)+\frac{3}{abc}\right]\)

Mà  \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)

\(P=abc.\frac{3}{abc}=3\)

Vậy P = 3

Tham khảo cách chứng minh "Bổ đề hình thang":

http://vuontoanhoc.blogspot.com/2016/06/hinh-hoc-8-bo-e-hinh-thang.html