Cho 3 số a,b,c cs tổng khác 0 và khác nhau \(\frac{3}{a+b}=\frac{2}{b+c}=\frac{1}{c+a}\)Tính \(A=\frac{a+b+3c}{a+b-2c}\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1/ Đặt
\(\frac{a}{b^2}=x,\frac{b}{c^2}=y,\frac{c}{a^2}=z,xyz=1\)thì ta có
\(x+y+z=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=x+y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz-xy-yz-zx+x+y+z-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(z-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=1;z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b^2}=1;\frac{b}{c^2}=1;\frac{c}{a^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b^2;b=c^2;c=a^2\)
2/ Đặt
\(ab=x,bc=y,ca=z\) cần tính
\(P=\left(1+\frac{z}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{x}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+z=0\\x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\end{cases}}\)
Xét \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{x+y}{x}.\frac{y+z}{y}.\frac{z+x}{z}=\frac{\left(-x\right)\left(-y\right)\left(-z\right)}{xyz}=-1\)
Xét \(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c;a+c=-b;b+c=-a\)
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{bc+ab-c^2-ac+bc+c^2-ab-ac}{-a\cdot-b}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(2bc-2ac\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+-\frac{2c\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+\frac{-2c\cdot-c}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{cases}}\)thay vào biểu thức đã cho:
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)\(=\frac{-c}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{-c}+\frac{b-c}{-a}+\frac{c-a}{-b}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{-c\left(b-c\right)}{-a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{-c\left(c-a\right)}{-b\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-c\right)}{a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c\left(c-a\right)}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{ac\left(c-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{b^2c-bc^2+ac^2-a^2c}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c\left(b^2-a^2\right)-\left(bc^2-ac^2\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(a+b\right)-c^2\left(b-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(b-a\right).\left[c\left(a+b\right)-c^2\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{\left(a-b\right).\left[c^2-c\left(a+b\right)\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c\right).c}{ab}=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c^2\right)}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\)(đpcm).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
<=> \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
<=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{cases}}\)
đến đây ez tự làm nốt nhé, ko ra ib mk