Bài 1: Tìm x biết a) x^3 - 4x^2 - x + 4= 0 b) x^3 - 3x^2 + 3x + 1=0 c) x^3 + 3x^2 - 4x - 12=0 d) (x-2)^2 - 4x +8 =0
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(2x^3+3x^2-8x-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^3-8x\right)+\left(3x^2-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2-4\right)+3\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x-2=0\)
hoặc \(x+2=0\)
hoặc \(2x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=2\)
hoặc \(x=-2\)
hoặc \(x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{2;-2;-\frac{3}{2}\right\}\)
b) \(x^3-4x^2-x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x-4=0\)
hoặc \(x-1=0\)
hoặc \(x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=4\)
hoặc \(x=1\)
hoặc \(x=-1\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{4;1;-1\right\}\)
c) \(x^3-x^2-x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x^2+x+1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\left(tm\right)\\\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{2\right\}\)
d) \(x^4-3x^3+3x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{0;1\right\}\)
e) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+3\right)=x^3+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+3\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x^2-2x+3=x^2-x+1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{-1;2\right\}\)
g) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1=4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=4\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\\left(x+1\right)^2=4\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x+1=\pm2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=-3\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(x=1\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{-1;1;-3\right\}\)
b) \(x^3-4x^2-x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-4=0\\x^2-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=\pm1\end{cases}}\)
c) \(x^3-x^2-x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) ( Do \(x^2+x+1>0\) )
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\left(x-1\right)\left(5x+3\right)=\left(3x-8\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(5x+3-3x+8\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+11\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\2x+11=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\2x=-11\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-\frac{11}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
\(b,3x\left(25x+15\right)-35\left(5x+3\right)=0\)
\(15x\left(5x+3\right)-35\left(5x+3\right)=0\)
\(\left(5x+3\right).5\left(3x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}5x+3=0\\5\left(3x-7\right)=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}5x=-3\\3x-7=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{3}{5}\\3x=7\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{3}{5}\\x=\frac{7}{3}\end{cases}}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow x^2+6x+9-x^2+3x+10=1\\ \Leftrightarrow9x=-18\Leftrightarrow x=-2\\ b,\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-4x^2+17x+15=3\\ \Leftrightarrow13x=-13\Leftrightarrow x=-1\\ c,\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-2\right)+4\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+4\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ d,\Leftrightarrow2x\left(3x+5\right)-6\left(3x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(3x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a,x.(x+7)=0
suy ra x=o hoặc x+7=0
vs x+7=0
x=0+7
x=7
vậy x=0 hoặc x=7
b(2+2x)(7-x)=0
suy ra 2+2x=0 hoặc 7-x=0
vs2+2x=0 vs7-x=0
2x =0-2 x=0+7
2x =(-2) x=7
x=(-2);2
x=-1
vậy x=-1 hoặc x=7
d(x^2-9)(3x+15)=0
suy ra x^2-9=0 hoặc 3x+15=0
vsx^2-9=0 vs 3x+15=0
x^2 =0+9 3x =0-15
x^2 =9 3x =-15
x^2 =3^2 x=(-15):3
suy ra x=3 hoặc x=-3 x=-5
vậy x=3 x=-3 hoặc x=-5
e,(4x-8)(x^2+1)=0
suy ra4x-8=0 hoặc x^2+1=0
vs 4x-8=0 vs x^2+1=0
4x =0+8 x^2 =0-1
4x =8 x^2 =-1
x =8:4 x^2 =-1^2 hoặc 1^2
x =2 suy ra x=-1 hoặc x=1
vậy x=2, x=-1 hoặc x=1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 2:
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(4x^2+4x-3=0\)
\(\left[\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.1+1\right]-4=0\)
\(\left(2x+1\right)^2-2^2=0\)
\(\left(2x+1-2\right).\left(2x+1+2\right)=0\)
\(\left(2x-1\right).\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=0\\2x+3=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\x=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\x=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(x^4-3x^3-x+3=0\)
\(x^3.\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-3\right).\left(x^3-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\x^3-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(x^2.\left(x-1\right)-4x^2+8x-4=0\)
\(x^2.\left(x-1\right)-\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.2+2^2\right]=0\)
\(x^2.\left(x-1\right)-\left(2x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(x^2.\left(x-1\right)-4.\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right).\left[x^2-4.\left(x-1\right)\right]=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right).\left[x^2-2.x.2+2^2\right]=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right).\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}\)
Tham khảo nhé~
a: \(x^3-4x^2-x+4=0\)
=>\(\left(x^3-4x^2\right)-\left(x-4\right)=0\)
=>\(x^2\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-4\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\x^2-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{2;1;-1\right\}\)
b: Sửa đề: \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1=0\)
=>\(x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot1+3\cdot x\cdot1^2+1^3=0\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)^3=0\)
=>x+1=0
=>x=-1
c: \(x^3+3x^2-4x-12=0\)
=>\(\left(x^3+3x^2\right)-\left(4x+12\right)=0\)
=>\(x^2\cdot\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-2=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: \(\left(x-2\right)^2-4x+8=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(4x-8\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-4\left(x-2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x-2-4\right)=0\)
=>(x-2)(x-6)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)