Cho \(a+b+c=2p\). Chứng minh rằng:
\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=4p\left(p-a\right)\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\)
\(=2p\left(a+b+c-2a\right)\)
\(=2p\left(2p-2a\right)=4p\left(p-a\right)\)
biến đổi vế phải ta được:
4p(p -a ) = 4p\(^2\)-4pa
=(2p)\(^2\)-2p.2a
=(a+b+c)\(^2\)-2a(a+b+c)
=\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\)-\(2a^2-2ab-2ac\)
=\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\)=vế trái (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi \(2bc+b^2 +c^2-a^2=VT\)
và \(4p\left(p-a\right)=VP\)
Biến đổi VP ta có :
\(4p\left(p-a\right)=2p\left(2p-2a\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b-c-a\right)\)
\(=2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=VT\) (đpcm)
Vậy ......
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=2p\)
\(\Rightarrow b+c=2p-a\Rightarrow\left(b+c\right)^2=\left(2p-a\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow b^2+2bc+c^2=4p^2-4pa+a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=4p\left(p-a\right)\)(đpcm)
Vậy....
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
TC:a+b+cd=2p=>b+c=2p-a
=>(b+c)2=(2p-a)2
=>b2+2bc+c2=4p2-4pa+a2
=>b2+2bc+c2-a2=4p2-4pa
=>2bc+b2+c2-a2=4p(p-a) ĐPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c-a\right)\left(b+c+a\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c+a-2a\right).2p\)
\(=\left(2p-2a\right).2p\)
\(=4p\left(p-a\right)\)\(\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=4p\left(p-a\right)\)
Biến đổi vế phải ta có :
\(4p\left(p-a\right)\)
\(=2p\left(2p-2a\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b-c-a\right)\)
\(=2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=VT\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a+b+c=2p\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{2}=p\Rightarrow p-a=\frac{b+c-a}{2}\Rightarrow\left(b+c-a\right)=2\left(p-a\right)\)
Và: \(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2=\left(b+c-a\right)\left(b+c+a\right)=2\left(p-a\right)\cdot2p=4p\left(p-a\right)\)đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1, a +b +c = 0 => a + b = -c ; a +c = -b ; b+c = -a
thay vào M ta có
M = a . -c . -b = abc (1)
Thay tương tự vào N , P ta cũng đc N =abc (2)
P =abc( 3)
Từ 1 2 và 3 => ĐPCM
2,
a + b +c = 2P
=> b + c = 2P -a
=> ( b + c)^2 = ( 2P -a)^2
=> b^2 + 2bc+ c^2 = 4p^2 - 4pa + a^2
=> 2bc+ b^2 + c^2 -a^ 2 = 4p^2 - 4pa
=> 2bc + b^2 + c^2 -a ^ 2 = 4p(p-a)=> ĐPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a+b+c = 2p => 4p = 2(a+b+c); p=(a+b+c)/2
VP = 4p(p-a) = 2(a+b+c)(\(\frac{a+b+c}{2}-a\))
= \(2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a+b+c-2a}{2}\right)\)
=\(2\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\frac{b+c-a}{2}=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\)
\(=ab+ac-a^2+b^2+bc-ab+bc+c^2-ac\)
\(=2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\) = VT (đpcm)
\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c+a\right)\cdot\left(b+c-a\right)\)
\(=2p\cdot\left(2p-a-a\right)\)
\(=4p\left(p-a\right)\)