Cho Al tác dụng với 200ml dụng dịch HCl 0,3M a) tính khối lượng nhôm đã phản ứng b) tính nồng độ mol muối thu được Giúp mình với ạ, đang cần gấp
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(nHCl=0,2.0,3=0,06\\ 2Al+6HCl=>2AlCl3+3H2\\ =>nAl=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ =>mAl=0,02.27=0,54\left(g\right)\\ tacónAlCl3=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ =>Cm\left(AlCl3\right)=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,3=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,02.27=0,54\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
_____0,1<-0,2------<0,1<---0,1
=> mMgCl2 = 0,1.95 = 9,5 (g)
b) \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a). 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
2 6 2 3
0,1 0,3 0,1
nAl = \(\dfrac{2,7}{27}\)= 0,1(mol)
b). nAlCl3=\(\dfrac{0,1.2}{2}\)=0,1(mol)
⇒mAlCl3= n.M= 0,1 . 133,5= 13,35(g)
c). 200ml= 0,2l
nHCl= \(\dfrac{0,1.6}{2}\)=0,3(mol)
→CM= \(\dfrac{n}{V}\)= \(\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}\)= 1,5M
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
nAl = 5.4 / 27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0.2......0.6............0.2.......0.3
a) VH2 = 0.3 * 22.4 = 6.72 (l)
b) mAlCl3 = 0.2 * 133.5 = 26.7 (g)
c) VddHCl = 0.6 / 1.5 = 0.4 (l)
d) CMAlCl3 = 0.2 / 0.4 = 0.5 (M)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,16.5=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,8}{3}\rightarrow\)H2SO4 dư
Theo pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{5}=0,04M\\C_{M\left(H_2SO_4.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,8-0,3}{5}=0,1M\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a.n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{17,4}{58}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+2H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\\b. n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.85=25,5\left(g\right)\\c.CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M \)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe\\Al\end{matrix}\right.+HCl->\left\{{}\begin{matrix}FeCl2\\AlCl3\end{matrix}\right.+H2\)
Ta có số mol Fe là x , Al là y (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\127x+133,5y=39,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%mFe=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}=50,9\%\\\%mAl=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn e :
\(2.nH2=2.nFe+3.nAl\Rightarrow nH2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
\(nFe=nFeCl2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(nAl=nAlCl3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow nHCl\left(pứ\right)=2.0,1+3.0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(Cm=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,3=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,02.27=0,54\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\)