Cho 32g sắt (II) oxit tác dụng hết với khí hidro, đun nóng. Em hãy cho biết: a. Thể tích khí H2 cần dùng cho phản ứng trên (đktc). b. Tính khối lượng kim loại tạo thành.
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(0.2.......0.2......0.2\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=0.2\cdot64=12.8\left(g\right)\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2CuO\)
\(0.2......0.1\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.1\cdot22.4=11.2\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Ag_2O}=\dfrac{23.2}{232}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ag_2O+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2Ag+H_2O\)
\(0.1......0.1.........0.2\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Ag}=0.2\cdot108=21.6\left(g\right)\)
\(4Ag+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2Ag_2O\)
\(0.2.....0.05\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.05\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{14.4}{72}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Fe+H_2O\)
\(0.2.....0.2......0.2\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.2\cdot56=11.2\left(g\right)\)
nFeO=0,2(mol)
a) PTHH: FeO + H2 -to-> Fe + H2O
0,2___________0,2______0,2(mol)
V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
b) mFe=0,2.56=11,2(g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,05 0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,05 0,0375 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,0375.56=2,1g\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\b.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ c.n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right) \)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,15\cdot56=8,4\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,15\cdot127=19,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑
Ta có: nH2=3,3622,4=0,15(mol)nH2=3,3622,4=0,15(mol)
⇒{nHCl=0,3(mol)nFeCl2=nFe=0,15(mol)⇒{nHCl=0,3(mol)nFeCl2=nFe=0,15(mol) ⇒⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩mHCl=0,3⋅36,5=10,95(g)mFe=0,15⋅56=8,4(g)mFeCl2=0,15⋅127=19,05(g)⇒{mHCl=0,3⋅36,5=10,95(g)mFe=0,15⋅56=8,4(g)mFeCl2=0,15⋅127=19,05(g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(m_{CuO}=50.20\%=10\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{10}{80}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=50-10=40\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{40}{160}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,125 0,125 0,125
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,25 0,75 0,5
\(a,V_{H_2}=\left(0,75+0,125\right).22,4=19,6\left(l\right)\)
\(b,m_{Cu}=0,125.64=8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{32}{72}=\dfrac{4}{9}\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Fe+H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{4}{9}.....\dfrac{4}{9}....\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{4}{9}\cdot22.4=10\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{4}{9}\cdot56=24.89\left(g\right)\)
\(a) n_{FeO} = \dfrac{32}{72} = \dfrac{4}{9}(mol)\\ FeO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe + H_2O\\ n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = n_{FeO} = \dfrac{4}{9}(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = \dfrac{4}{9}.22,4 = 9,95(lít)\\ b) m_{Fe}= \dfrac{4}{9}.56 = 24,8(gam)\)