\(A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+..+\dfrac{1}{98}\right).98!\) Chứng minh A là stn chia hết cho 99
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Lời giải:
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{2})^2+(\frac{1}{2})^3+...+(\frac{1}{2})^{98}+(\frac{1}{2})^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow 2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+(\frac{1}{2})^2+...+(\frac{1}{2})^{97}+(\frac{1}{2})^{98}\)
Trừ theo vế:
\(2A-A=1-(\frac{1}{2})^{99}\)
\(A=1-(\frac{1}{2})^{99}< 1\)
Ta có đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta có : \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}A=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}A=A-\dfrac{1}{2}A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}\) \(\Rightarrow A=2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}A\right)=1-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{100}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{98}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2\cdot\left[\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{98}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\right]\)
\(2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{97}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{98}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{98}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-...-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(A=1-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{99}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
11: \(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{98}-1-\dfrac{1}{97}+\dfrac{1}{97}-\dfrac{1}{98}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)=0\)
12: \(=\dfrac{7}{17}+\dfrac{10}{17}\cdot\left(\dfrac{-6+5}{10}\right)^2\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{17}+\dfrac{10}{17}\cdot\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{7}{17}+\dfrac{1}{170}=\dfrac{71}{170}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A=\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)+\(\left(\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\)+...+\(\left(\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}\right)\)
Biểu thức trong dấu ngoặc thứ nhất bằng\(\dfrac{13}{60}\) nên lớn hơn \(\dfrac{12}{60}\),tức là lớn hơn 0,2,còn các dấu ngoặc sau đều dương,do đó A>0,2.
Để chứng minh A < \(\dfrac{2}{5}\),ta viết:
A=\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)-...-\left(\dfrac{1}{97}-\dfrac{1}{98}\right)-\dfrac{1}{99}\)
Biểu thức trong dấu ngoặc thứ nhất nhỏ hơn \(\dfrac{2}{5}\),còn các dấu ngoặc đều dương,do đó A <\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)
Chúc bạn học giỏi!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt : \(B=\dfrac{99}{1}+\dfrac{98}{2}+\dfrac{97}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{99}{1}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{98}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{99}+1\right)-99\)
\(B=\dfrac{100}{1}+\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}-99\)
\(B=\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}+\left(100-99\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{100}{2}+\dfrac{100}{3}+...+\dfrac{100}{99}+\dfrac{100}{100}\)
\(B=100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
Ta có : \(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}}{100\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{100}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{99}{100}\)
b, \(\left(1-\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{99}\right)...\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=\dfrac{99.98...1}{100.99...2}=\dfrac{1}{100}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(T=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+1\right)...\left(\dfrac{1}{98}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{99}+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{4}{3}...\dfrac{99}{98}.\dfrac{100}{99}\)
\(=\dfrac{100}{2}=50\)
Vậy T = 50
\(T=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+1\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+1\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{98}+1\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{99}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{2}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{4}{4}\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{98}+\dfrac{98}{98}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{99}{99}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{99}{98}\cdot\dfrac{100}{99}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\cdot4\cdot5\cdot...\cdot99\cdot100}{2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot...\cdot98\cdot99}\)
\(=\dfrac{100}{2}=50\).