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\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{20.52}{171}=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_H=0.12\cdot2+a+0.05\cdot2=0.34+a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0.17+0.5a\left(mol\right)\)
\(BTKL:\)
\(21.9+\left(0.17+0.5a\right)\cdot18=20.52+40a+0.05\cdot2\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.14\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0.14\cdot40=5.6\left(g\right)\)
Quy đôi A gồm : Na,Ba và O
n Ba = n Ba(OH)2 = 20,52/171 = 0,12(mol)
Gọi n Na = a(mol) ; n O = b(mol)
=> 23a + 16b + 0,12.137 = 21,9(1)
n H2 = 1,12/22,4 = 0,05(mol)
Bảo toàn e :
$Na^0 \to Na^+ + 1e$
$Ba^0 \to Ba^{+2} + 2e$
$O^0 + 2e \to O^{-2}$
$2H^+ 2e \to H_2$
=> a + 0,12.2 = 2b + 0,05.2(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = b = 0,14
n NaOH = n Na = 0,14 mol
=> m NaOH = 0,14.40 = 5,6(gam)
$n_{Ba} = n_{Ba(OH)_2} = 0,12(mol)$
$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(mol)$
Gọi $n_{Na} = a ; n_O = b$
Ta có :
$23a + 16b + 0,12.137 = 21,1$
Bảo toàn electron : $a + 0,12.2 = 2b + 0,05.2$
Suy ra $a = \dfrac{177}{1550} ; b = \dfrac{197}{1550}$
Suy ra $m_{NaOH} = \dfrac{177}{1550}.40 = 4,57(gam)$
Câu 1:
a, \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(23n_{Na}+39n_K=4,18\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_K=\dfrac{1,568}{22,4}=0,07\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_K=0,06\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na}=0,08.23=1,84\left(g\right)\\m_K=0,06.39=2,34\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,08\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,08.40=3,2\left(g\right)\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{BaO}=\dfrac{15,3}{153}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
______0,2_______________0,4 (mol)
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
0,1___________________0,1 (mol)
⇒ m = mNaOH + mBa(OH)2 = 0,4.40 + 0,1.171 = 33,1 (g)
\(a)2Na+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2NaCl+H_2\\ 2K+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2KCl+H_2 \\ b)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ n_{Na}=a,n_K=b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23a+39b=6,2\\\dfrac{1}{2}a+\dfrac{1}{2}b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=b=0,1mol\\ \%_{Na}=\dfrac{0,1.23}{6,2}\cdot100=37,1\%\\ \%_K=100-37,1=62,9\%\)
a, PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
b, Có: \(n_{CO_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,02.100}{5}.100\%=40\%\\\%m_{CaSO_4}=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Có: \(n_{HCl\left(banđau\right)}=0,2.0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{CO_2}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,2}=0,05M\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,464}{22,4}=0,11\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_K=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\)
\(PTHH:Ba+2H_2O->Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
tỉ lệ 1 ; 2 : 1 : 1
n(mol) a--------->2a----------->a---------->a
\(PTHH:2K+2H_2O->2KOH+H_2\left(2\right)\)
tỉ lệ 2 : 2 : 2 ; 1
n(mol) b---------->b---------->b------------>1/2b
Ta có Hệ phương trình sau
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}137a+39b=11,53\\a+\dfrac{1}{2}b=0,11\end{matrix}\right.\\ < =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,12\end{matrix}\right.\\ < =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_K=0,12\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Phương trình (1) ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ =>m_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n\cdot M=0,05\cdot171=8,55\left(g\right)\)
Theo phương trình (2) ta có
\(n_{KOH}=b=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ m_{KOH}=n\cdot M=0,12\cdot56=6,72\left(g\right)\\ =>m_{ct}=8,55+6,72=15,27\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{21,6}.100\%\approx25,93\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}\approx100-25,93=74,07\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na}=n_{Na_2O}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{Na}=0,4.23=9,2\left(g\right)\\ b.C_{MddA}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\\ C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{500.1,2}.100\approx2,667\%\)
\(a) 2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2\\ Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{Na} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,3(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Na} = 0,3.23 = 6,9(gam)\\ b) n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{19,3-6,9}{62} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{NaOH} = n_{Na} + 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,7(mol)\\ m_{dd} = 19,3 + 181 - 0,15.2 = 200(gam)\\ C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,7.40}{200}.100\% = 14\%\)