Cho A= 2+22+23+24+.....+223+224. Chứng tỏ rằng A chia hết cho 7
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A = 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25..... + 223 + 224
= (2 + 22 + 23) + (23 + 24 + 25) + ..... + (222 + 223 + 224)
= (2 + 22 + 23) + 22 (2 + 22 + 23) + .... + 222. (2 + 22 + 23)
= 14 + 22.14 + .... + 222.14
= 14.(1 + 22 + ... + 222)
= 2.7.(1 + 22 + ... + 222) \(⋮\) 7
\(\Rightarrow A⋮7\)(ĐPCM)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
$S=(2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4)+....+(2^{23}+2^{24})$
$=2(1+2)+2^3(1+2)+....+2^{23}(1+2)$
$=(1+2)(2+2^3+...+2^{23})$
$=3(2+2^3+...+2^{23})\vdots 3$
b.
$S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{23}+2^{24}$
$2S=2^2+2^3+2^4+....+2^{24}+2^{25}$
$\Rightarrow 2S-S=2^{25}-2$
$\Rightarrow S=2^{25}-2$
Ta có:
$2^{10}=1024=10k+4$
$\Rightarrow 2^{25}-2=2^5.2^{20}-2=32(10k+4)^2-2=32(100k^2+80k+16)-2$
$=10(320k^2+8k+51)\vdots 10$
$\Rightarrow S$ tận cùng là $0$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+91\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}\right)+91\)
\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2\right)+91\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)+7\cdot13\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{97}+13\right)⋮7\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)⋮7\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A = 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + ... + 219 + 220
A = (2 + 22) + (23 + 24) +... + (219 + 220)
A = 2.(1+2) + 23.(1 + 2) +... + 219.(l + 2)
A = 2.3 + 23.3 +...+ 219.3 Do đó A chia hết cho 3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A= (2+22)+(23+24)+...+(259+260)
A=2.(1+2)+23.(1+2)+...+259.(1+2)
A=2.3+23.3+...+259.3
A=3.(2+23+...+259)
Vì 3 chia hết cho 3 => 3.(2+23+...+259) chia hết cho 3
=>A chia hết cho 3
A= (2+22+23)+...+(258+259+260)
A=2.(1+2+22)+...+258.(1+2+22)
A=2.7+...+258.7
A=7.(2+...+258)
Vì 7 chia hết cho 7 =>7.(2+...+258) chia hết cho 7
CHIA HẾT CHO 3 :
A= (2+22)+(23+24)+...+(259+260)
A=2.(1+2)+23.(1+2)+...+259.(1+2)
A=2.3+23.3+...+259.3
A=3.(2+23+...+259)
Vì 3 chia hết cho 3 => 3.(2+23+...+259) chia hết cho 3
=>A chia hết cho 3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
A=\((1+2)+\left(2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\)
A=\(3.1+2^2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{19}\left(1+2\right)\)
A=\(3.1+3.2^2+...+3.2^{19}\)
A=\(3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{19}\right)\)\(⋮3\)
Vậy A\(⋮3\)
A=(1+2)+(22+23)+...+(219+220)(1+2)+(22+23)+...+(219+220)
A=3.1+22(1+2)+...+219(1+2)3.1+22(1+2)+...+219(1+2)
A=3.1+3.22+...+3.2193.1+3.22+...+3.219
A=3(1+22+...+219)3(1+22+...+219)⋮3⋮3
NÊN A⋮3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹
= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)
= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)
= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13
= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13
Vậy P ⋮ 13
b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰
= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)
= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)
= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21
= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21
Vậy B ⋮ 21
c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸
= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)
= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)
= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21
= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21
Vậy A ⋮ 21
e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1
= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)
= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105
= 11⁵.16105 + 16105
= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)
= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5
Vậy A ⋮ 5
A=2+22+23+....+224
=(2+22+23)+....+(222+223+224)
=2(1+2+22)+....+222(1+2+22)
=2.7+....+222.7
=(2+....+222).7 chia hết cho 7
Vậy A chia hết cho 7 (đpcm)