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16 tháng 5 2022

security - existence - effects - shaping 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

In which paragraph does the writer mention the temperature in urban areas is higher than that of rural ones?

A. Paragraph 3

B. Paragraph 4

C. Paragraph 5

D. Paragraph 6

1
27 tháng 5 2018

Đáp án B

Trong đoạn văn nào tác giả đề cập đến nhiệt độ ở khu đô thị cao hơn nhiệt độ ở vùng nông thôn?

A. đoạn 3                       B. đoạn 4                       C. đoạn 5               D. đoạn 6

Căn cứ vào nội dung trong bài: (đoạn 4)

"The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo [radiation] means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C).” (Sự kết hợp giữa mức tiêu thụ năng lượng tăng và sự khác biệt trong albedo (bức xạ) có nghĩa là các thành phố sẽ nóng hơn các khu vực nông thôn (từ 0,6 đến 1,3 độ C.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question. Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

In which paragraph does the writer mention the temperature in urban areas is higher than that of rural ones?

A. Paragraph 3     

B. Paragraph 4      

C. Paragraph 5           

D. Paragraph 6

1
3 tháng 9 2017

Đáp án B

Trong đoạn văn nào tác giả đề cập đến nhiệt độ ở khu đô thị cao hơn nhiệt độ ở vùng nông thôn?

A. đoạn 3                      B. đoạn 4                      
C. đoạn 5                      D. đoạn 6

Căn cứ vào nội dung trong bài: (đoạn 4)

"The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo [radiation] means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C).” (Sự kết hợp giữa mức tiêu thụ năng lượng tăng và sự khác biệt trong albedo (bức xạ) có nghĩa là các thành phố sẽ nóng hơn các khu vực nông thôn (từ 0,6 đến 1,3 độ C.)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

According to paragraph 3, the following are mentioned as examples of durable goods, EXCEPT ____________.

A. televisions

B. washing machines

C. fridges

D. generators

1
30 tháng 4 2018

Đáp án D

Trong đoạn 3, những vật sau đây được để cập như là ví dụ về các hàng hóa lâu bền, ngoại trừ ______.

A. Tivi                           B. máy giặt                     C. tủ lạnh                D. máy phát điện

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn 3:

"Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods. in the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator

than rural households.”

(Cư dân ở đô thị không chỉ tiêu thụ nhiều thức ăn hơn mà còn tiêu thụ nhiều hàng hóa lâu bền hơn. Vào đầu những năm 1990, các hộ gia đình Trung Quốc ở khu vực thành thị có khuynh hướng mua TV nhiều hơn gấp hai lần, mua máy giặt nhiều gấp 8 lần và mua tủ lạnh nhiều gấp 25 lần so với các hộ gia đình ở nông thôn)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question. Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

According to paragraph 3, the following are mentioned as examples of durable goods, EXCEPT ____________.

A. televisions       

B. washing machines      

C. fridges    

D. generators

1
11 tháng 8 2018

Đáp án D

Trong đoạn 3, những vật sau đây được để cập như là ví dụ về các hàng hóa lâu bền, ngoại trừ ______.

A. Tivi                           B. máy giặt                   
C. tủ lạnh                      D. máy phát điện

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn 3:

"Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods. in the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator

than rural households.”

(Cư dân ở đô thị không chỉ tiêu thụ nhiều thức ăn hơn mà còn tiêu thụ nhiều hàng hóa lâu bền hơn. Vào đầu những năm 1990, các hộ gia đình Trung Quốc ở khu vực thành thị có khuynh hướng mua TV nhiều hơn gấp hai lần, mua máy giặt nhiều gấp 8 lần và mua tủ lạnh nhiều gấp 25 lần so với các hộ gia đình ở nông thôn).

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

The word "their" in paragraph 2 refers to _______

A. the urban residents'

B. the rural populations'

C. pigs'

D. Chinese citizens'

1
27 tháng 5 2017

Đáp án A

Từ “their” trong đoạn 2 đề cập đến _________.

A. những cư dân đô thị                                         B. những cư dân nông thôn

C. những con heo                                                 D. những công dân Trung Quốc

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn 2:

“But even a decade later. urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations.” (Nhưng đến một thập kỷ sau đó, lượng thịt lợn có trong chế độ ăn của người dân thành thị lại nhiều hơn 60% so với người dân nông thôn.)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question. Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

The word "their" in paragraph 2 refers to _______.

A. the urban residents'   

B. the rural populations'

C. pigs'          

D. Chinese citizens'

1
21 tháng 8 2018

Đáp án A

Từ “their” trong đoạn 2 đề cập đến _________.

A. những cư dân đô thị                                       
B. những cư dân nông thôn

C. những con heo                                               
D. những công dân Trung Quốc

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn 2:

“But even a decade later. urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations.” (Nhưng đến một thập kỷ sau đó, lượng thịt lợn có trong chế độ ăn của người dân thành thị lại nhiều hơn 60% so với người dân nông thôn.)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

The word "infiltration" in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by________.

A. penetration

B. interruption

C. conservation

D. accumulation

1
27 tháng 9 2018

Đáp án A

Từ “infiltration” trong đoạn 5 có thể được thay thế bởi từ __________.

A. sự thấm qua               B. sự gián đoạn              C. sự bảo toàn        D. sự tích lũy

Từ đồng nghĩa: infiltration (sự thấm qua) = penetration.

“Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables.” (Các khu vực này thường có nhiều mưa hơn, nhưng chúng làm giảm khả năng thấm nước và hạ thấp mực nước.)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

What can be inferred in the last paragraph?

A. Human activities have directly impacts on how the environment changes.

B. There larger the urban areas are, the more complicated the environmental problems become

C. People should not expand urban areas in order to protect the environment.

D. Global warming is the main factor that affects the environment.

1
23 tháng 4 2018

Đáp án A

Điều gì có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn cuối?

A. Hoạt động của con người có tác động trực tiếp đến sự thay đổi môi trường.

B. Khu đô thị càng lớn, các vấn đề về môi trường càng trở nên phức tạp.

C. Con người không nên mở rộng các khu đô thị nhằm bảo vệ môi trường.

D. Sự nóng lên toàn cầu là nhân tố chính tác động đến môi trường.

Căn cứ thông tin đoạn cuối:

"Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave — their consumption and living patterns — not just how large they are."

(Những tác động của các khu đô thị lên môi trường không nhất thiết là tuyến tính. Các khu đô thị lớn hơn không phải lúc nào cũng tạo ra nhiều vấn đề môi trường hơn. Và các khu vực đô thị nhỏ cũng có thể gây ra những vấn đề nghiêm trọng. Phần lớn thứ xác định mức độ ảnh hưởng lên môi trường là cách cư dân thành thị sinh sống như thế nào - về mức tiêu dùng và lối sống của họ - chứ không chỉ là vùng đô thị lớn đến mức nào.)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question. Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

Urban populations interact with their environment. Urban people change their environment through their consumption of Food, energy, water, and land. And in turn, the polluted urban environment affects the health and quality of life of the urban population. People who live in urban areas have very different consumption patterns than residents in rural areas. For example, urban populations consume much more food, energy, and durable goods than rural populations. In China during the 1970s, the urban populations consumed twice as much pork as the rural populations who were raising the pigs. With economic development, the difference in consumption declined as the rural populations ate better diets. But even a decade later, urban populations had 60 percent more pork in their diets than rural populations. The increasing consumption of meat is a sign of growing affluence in Beijing; in India where many urban residents are vegetarians, greater prosperity is seen in higher consumption of milk.

Urban populations not only consume more food, but they also consume more durable goods, In the early 1990s, Chinese households in urban areas were two times more likely to have a TV, eight times more likely to have a washing machine, and 25 times more likely to have a refrigerator than rural households. This increased consumption is a function of urban labor markets, wages, and household structure.

Urban consumption of energy helps create heat islands that can change local weather patterns and weather downwind from the heat islands. The heat island phenomenon is created because cities radiate heat back into the atmosphere at rate 15 percent to 30 percent less than rural areas. The combination of the increased energy consumption and difference in albedo (radiation) means that cities are warmer than rural areas (0.6 to 1.3 C), And these heat islands become traps for atmospheric pollutants. Cloudiness and fog occur with greater frequency. Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common.

Urbanization also affects the broader regional environments. Regions downwind from large industrial complexes also see increases in the amount of precipitation, air pollution, and the number of days with thunderstorms. Urban areas affect not only the weather patterns, but also the runoff patterns for water. Urban areas generally generate more rain, but they reduce the infiltration of water and lower the water tables. This means that runoff occurs more rapidly with greater peak flows. Flood volumes increase, as do floods and water pollution downstream.

Many of the effects of urban areas on the environment are not necessarily linear. Bigger urban areas do not always create more environmental problems. And small urban areas can cause large problems. Much of what determines the extent of the environmental impacts is how the urban populations behave - their consumption and living patterns - not just how large they are.

What does the word "Precipitation" in paragraph 4 mean?

A. the amount of the rain fall   

B. the bad weather with strong wind and rain

C. the rain that contains harmful chemicals

D. air pollution

1
7 tháng 3 2018

Đáp án A

Từ "precipitation" trong đoạn 4 có nghĩa là gì?

A. lượng mưa                                                     
B. thời tiết xấu với gió mạnh và mưa to

C. cơn mưa có chứa hóa chất                              
D. ô nhiễm không khí

Giải thích nghĩa của từ: precipitation (lượng mưa)

"Precipitation is 5 percent to 10 percent higher in cities; thunderstorms and hailstorms are much more frequent, but snow days in cities are less common." (Lượng mưa ở các thành phố cao hơn từ 5 đến 10 phần trăm; giông bão và mưa đá xảy ra thường xuyên hơn, nhưng các ngày có tuyết ở các thành phố ít phổ biến hơn).