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`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`
`0,2` `0,4` `0,2` `0,2` `(mol)`
`n_[Zn]=13/65=0,2(mol)`
`a)V_[H_2]=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)`
`b)C%_[HCl]=[0,4.36,5]/100 . 100 =14,6%`
`c)C%_[ZnCl_2]=[0,2.136]/[13+100-0,2.2].100~~24,16%`
`d)`
`H_2 + CuO` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `Cu + H_2 O`
`0,1` `0,1` `0,1` `(mol)`
`n_[CuO]=8/80=0,1(mol)`
Ta có:`[0,2]/1 > [0,1]/1`
`=>H_2` dư, `CuO` hết
`=>m_[Cu]=0,1.64=6,4(g)`
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
a)\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
b)\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot98=19,6g\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}\cdot100\%=\dfrac{19,6}{100}\cdot100\%=19,6\%\)
c)\(m_{ZnSO_4}=0,2\cdot161=32,2g\)
\(m_{ddZnSO_4}=13+100-0,2\cdot2=112,6g\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}\cdot100\%=\dfrac{32,2}{112,6}\cdot100\%=28,6\%\)
d)\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,1 0,2 0,1
\(m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4g\)
a.b.c.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35g\)
d.\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,15 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Phản ứng thế
\(b,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,3}{65}=0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,02.136=2,72(g)\\ V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448(l)\)
nAl = 8,1 /27 = 0,3mol
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,3--------------->0,3------> 0,45
=> VH2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 (l)
mAlCl3 = 0,3. 133,5 = 40,05 (g)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,25----------------->0,25
=> VH2 = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6 (l)
b)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\) => CuO hết, H2 dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,2-------------->0,2
=> mCu = 0,2.64 = 12,8 (g)
a) \(PTHH:2Al+6HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c)\(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3
a)\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
b)\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\)
d)\(n_{PbO}=\dfrac{66,9}{207+16}=0,3mol\)
\(PbO+H_2\rightarrow Pb+H_2O\)
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{kl}=m_{Pb}=0,3\cdot207=62,1g\)