cho a,b,c>=0. CMR: a+b+c>= [(a-b)/(b+5)]+[(b-c)/(c+5)]+[(c-a)/(a+5)]
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a+b+c=0⇔a3+b3+c3=3abca+b+c=0⇔a3+b3+c3=3abc (cái này tự chứng minh nhá, dễ)
⇒3abc(a2+b2+c2)=(a3+b3+c3)(a2+b2+c2)=a5+b5+c5+a3(b2+c2)+b3(c2+a2)+c3(a2+b2)⇒3abc(a2+b2+c2)=(a3+b3+c3)(a2+b2+c2)=a5+b5+c5+a3(b2+c2)+b3(c2+a2)+c3(a2+b2)
Lại có b+c=−a⇔b2+c2=(b+c)2−2bc=a2−2bcb+c=−a⇔b2+c2=(b+c)2−2bc=a2−2bc
Tương tự c2+a2=b2−2ac,a2+b2=c2−2abc2+a2=b2−2ac,a2+b2=c2−2ab
Nên 3abc(a2+b2+c2)=a5+b5+c5+a3(a2−2bc)+b3(b2−2ac)+c3(c2−2ab)=2(a5+b5+c5)−2abc(a2+b2+c2)
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a/ BĐT sai, cho \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy
b/ \(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2+2ab}+\frac{b^4}{b^2+2bc}+\frac{c^4}{c^2+2ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
c/ Tiếp tục sai nữa, vế phải là \(\frac{3}{2}\) chứ ko phải \(2\), và hy vọng rằng a;b;c dương
\(VT=\frac{a^2}{abc.b+a}+\frac{b^2}{abc.c+b}+\frac{c^2}{abc.a+c}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)+a+b+c}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{9}{3abc+3}\ge\frac{9}{\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{\frac{3.3^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+b^3\ge3ab^2\) ; \(b^3+c^3+c^3\ge3bc^2\) ; \(c^3+a^3+a^3\ge3ca^2\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
\(\frac{a^5}{b^2}+\frac{b^5}{c^2}+\frac{c^5}{a^2}=\frac{a^6}{ab^2}+\frac{b^6}{bc^2}+\frac{c^6}{ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=a^3+b^3+c^3\)
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Ta có
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)=a^5+a^2b^3+a^2c^3+a^3b^2+b^5+b^2c^3+a^3c^2+b^3c^2+c^5\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)-b^2c^2\left(b+c\right)-a^2c^2\left(a+c\right)\)
Do a+b+c=0
=> a+b=-c; b+c=-a; a+c=-b
\(\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+a^2b^2c+ab^2c^2+a^2bc^2=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3\right]+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).\left[\left(-c^3\right)-3ab.\left(-c\right)+c^3\right]+abc\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).3abc+abc\left(ab+bc+ab\right)=\)
\(=abc.\left[3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ac\right]=\)
\(=abc\left[\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac}{2}\right]=\)
\(=abc.\left[\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2}\right]=\)
\(=abc.\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^5+b^5+c^5}{5}=abc.\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
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BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với
\(\left(1-\frac{a^5-a^2}{a^5+b^2+c^2}\right)+\left(1-\frac{b^5-b^2}{b^5+c^2+a^2}\right)+\left(1-\frac{c^5-c^2}{c^5+a^2+b^2}\right)\le3\)
hay \(\frac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{b^5+c^2+a^2}+\frac{1}{c^5+a^2+b^2}\le\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Từ \(abc\ge1\) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}\le\frac{1}{\frac{a^5}{abc}+b^2+c^2}=\frac{1}{\frac{a^4}{bc}+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\frac{2a^4}{b^2+c^2}+b^2+c^2}=\frac{b^2+c^2}{2a^4+\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Do \(4u^2+v^2\ge4uv\Leftrightarrow4u^2+v^2\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(u+v\right)^2\)nên
\(2a^4+\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}\le\frac{3\left(b^2+c^2\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{1}{b^5+c^2+a^2}\le\frac{3\left(c^2+a^2\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
và \(\frac{1}{c^5+a^2+b^2}\le\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Cộng ba vế của các BĐT trên ta được
\(\frac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{b^5+c^2+a^2}+\frac{1}{c^5+a^2+b^2}\le\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^5-a^2}{a^5+b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^5-b^2}{b^5+c^2+a^2}+\frac{c^5-c^2}{c^5+a^2+b^2}\ge0\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\))
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Vì vai trò của a,b,c như nhau,không mất tính tổng quát ta có:\(a\le b\le c\le1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-1\le0\\b-1\le0\\c-1\le0\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^5+c^5}\le\frac{a^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^5c^5}}=\frac{a^2}{3bc}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{b^2}{b^2+a^5+c^5}\le\frac{b^2}{3ac};\frac{c^2}{c^2+a^5+b^5}\le\frac{c^2}{3ab}\)
Cộng vế với vế của 3 BĐT trên ta đươc:
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^5+c^5}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+a^5+c^5}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+a^5+b^5}\le\frac{a^2}{3bc}+\frac{b^2}{3ac}+\frac{c^2}{3ab}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\)
Xét \(a^3+b^3+c^3\le3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-1\right)+\left(b^3-1\right)+\left(c^3-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)+\left(b-1\right)\left(b^2+b+1\right)+\left(c-1\right)\left(c^2+c+1\right)\le0\) (đúng)
Từ đó suy ra:
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^5+c^5}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+a^5+c^5}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+a^5+b^5}\le\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\le\frac{3}{3}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu '='xảy ra khi\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\abc=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1}\)