Phân tích thành nhân tử
a) (x+y)2 -(x-y)2
b) (3x+1)2-(x+1)2
c) x3+y3+z3-3xyz
tính nhanh
A) 252 -152 b) 872+732 -272-132
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a: =(x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y)-3xyz
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
b: \(=\left(x+y+y-z\right)^3-3\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x+y+y-z\right)+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3-3\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
c: \(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+3\left(x^2+x\right)+2-12\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+3\left(x^2+x\right)-10\)
=(x^2+x+5)(x^2+x-2)
=(x^2+x+5)(x+2)(x-1)
d: =b^2c+bc^2+ac^2-a^2c-a^2b-ab^2
=b^2c-b^2a+bc^2-a^2b+ac^2-a^2c
=b^2(c-a)+b(c^2-a^2)+ac(c-a)
=(c-a)(b^2+ac)+b(c-a)(c+a)
=(c-a)(b^2+ac+bc+ba)
=(c-a)[b^2+bc+ac+ab]
=(c-a)[b(b+c)+a(b+c)]
=(c-a)(b+c)(b+a)
a) 12x. b) 4xy
c) 2y(3 x 2 + y 2 ).
d) (x + y + z)( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 – xy – xz - yz).
Bài 1:
a: Ta có: \(\left(6x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(3-2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(8-2x\right)\)
\(=2\left(4-x\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(2-3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-2\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)+\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3+x-1-2x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)\)
\(=3\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Bài 2:
a: Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b+2a-b-a-3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-6xy+9y^2+4x-12y\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x-3y+4\right)\)
Bài 2:
a: \(x^2+5x-6=\left(x+6\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b: \(5x^2+5xy-x-y\)
\(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
c:\(-6x^2+7x-2\)
\(=-6x^2+3x+4x-2\)
\(=-3x\left(2x-1\right)+2\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(-3x+2\right)\)
1.
a) \(=x^2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2\)
b) \(=\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)
c) \(=5\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4z^2\right]=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]\)
\(=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)
2.
a) \(=x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b) \(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
c) \(=-\left[3x\left(2x-1\right)-2\left(2x-1\right)\right]=-\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)
3.
b) \(=2x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)
c) \(=-\left[5x\left(x-3\right)-1\left(x-3\right)\right]=-\left(x-3\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
4.
a) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\Rightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(2-x\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
a: \(49-4x^2=\left(7-2x\right)\left(7+2x\right)\)
b: \(x^3+8=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\)
c: \(x^2+18xy+81y^2=\left(x+9y\right)^2\)
`(x+y)^3-x^3-y^3`
`=(x+y)^3-(x^3+y^3)`
`=(x+y)^3-(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2)`
`=(x+y)[(x+y)^2-x^2+xy-y^2]`
`=(x+y)(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+xy-y^2)`
`=(x+y).3xy`
a) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^3-x^3-y^3\)
\(=x^3-x^3+y^3-y^3+3x^2y+3xy^2\)
\(=3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
a)\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)
b)\(=\left(x+9\right)^2-\left(6x\right)^2=\left(x+9-6x\right)\left(x+9+6x\right)=\left(-5x+9\right)\left(7x+9\right)\)
c)\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(z^2-2zt+t^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(z-t\right)^2\\ =\left(x-y+z-t\right)\left(x-y-z+t\right)\)
a: (x+y+z)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3
=(x+y+z-x)(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-xz+z^2)-(y+z)(y^2-yz+z^2)
=(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)
b: x^3+y^3+z^3=1
x+y+z=1
=>x+y=1-z
x^3+y^3+z^3=1
=>(x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y)=1
=>(1-z)^3+z^3-3xy(1-z)=1
=>1-3z-3z^2-z^3+z^3-3xy(1-z)=1
=>1-3z+3z^2-3xy(1-z)=1
=>-3z+3z^2-3xy(1-z)=0
=>-3z(1-z)-3xy(1-z)=0
=>(z-1)(z+xy)=0
=>z=1 và xy=0
=>z=1 và x=0; y=0
A=1+0+0=1
a: =3x(y-2)-5(y-2)
=(y-2)(3x-5)
b: =(2x-5y)(2x+5y)
c: =x(x^3-8)
=x(x-2)(x^2+2x+4)
a)
\(3x\left(y-2\right)+5\left(2-y\right)\\=3x\left(y-2\right)-5\left(y-2\right)\\ =\left(y-2\right)\left(3x-5\right) \)
b)
\(4x^2-25y^2\\ =\left(2x-5y\right)\left(2x+5y\right)\)
c)
\(x^4-8x\\ =x\left(x^3-8\right)\\ =x\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left(x+y+x-y\right)\)
\(=2y.2x\)
\(=4xy\)
b) (3x+1)2-(x+1)2
=(3x+1+x+1)[(3x+1)-(x+1)]
=(4x+2)2x
=2(2x+1)2x
=4x(2x+1)
c) x3+y3+z3-3xyz
=(x+y)3-3xy(x+y)+z3-3xyz
=[(x+y)3+z3]-3xy(x+y+z)
=(x+y+z)[(x+y)2-z(x+y)+z2]-3xy(x+y+z)
=(x+y+z)(x2+2xy+y2-xz-zy+z2-3xy)
=(x+y+z)(x2+y2+z2-xy-yz-zx)