Cho 10,8g hỗn hợp Na, Na2O td với nước 2,24(l) (đktc) a) % K lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp b) K lượng sản phẩm c) K lượng thể tích H2O Làm ơn giúp mình với ngày mai nộp bài rồi
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PTHH: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow23a+40b=1,6\) (*)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}+n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}a+b=0,25\) (**)
Từ (*) và (**) \(\Rightarrow\) Hệ có nghiệm âm
*Bạn xem lại đề !!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
0,5-----0,5-----------0,5----0,25
Na2O+H2O->2NaOH
0,1--------0,1-----------0,2
n H2=0,25 mol
=>m Na =0,5.23=11,5g
=>m Na2O=6,2g=>n Na2O=0,1 mol
=>m NaOH=0,7.40=28g
=>VH2O=0,6.22,4=13,44l
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2Na+2H2O--->2NaOH+H2
x----------------------------0,5x
2K+2H2O---->2KOH+H2
y--------------------------0,5y
a) n\(_{H2}=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo bài ra ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+39y=6,2\\0,5x+0,5y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
m\(_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\)
m\(_K=0,1.39=3,9\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo pthh
n\(_{kiềm}=n_{KL}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{kiềm}=0,2\left(40+56\right)=19,2\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(PTHH:Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\frac{1}{2}H_2\\ PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(n_{Na}=x;n_{Na_2O}=y\)
\(\Rightarrow hpt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+62y=10,8\\22,4.\frac{x}{2}=2,24\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\frac{23.0,2}{10,8}.100\%=42,6\left(\%\right)\\\%m_{Na_2O}=100-42,6=57,4\left(\%\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C\%_M=\frac{0,2.40+0,2.40}{10,8+144,9-0,2.2}.100\%=10,3\left(\%\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, PTHH : 2K + 2H2O -> 2KOH + H2 (1)
2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2 (2)
Khí A là H2
Dung dịch B : KOH , NaOH
mNa =8,5 . 54,12% = 4,6 (g) -(chỗ này có làm tròn xíu lát tính cho dễ )
=>nNa=4,6 /23 = 0,2(mol)
Theo (2) nH2= 1/2 nNa = 0,1 (mol)
Theo (2), nNaOH= nNa = 0,2 (mol)=> mNaOH= 0,2 . 40 = 8(g)
=> mK = 8,5 - 4,6= 3,9 (g)
=>nK = 3,9 / 39 = 0,1 (mol)
Theo (1) , nH2= 1/2 nK = 0,05 (mol)
Theo (1) ,n KOH= nK = 0,1 (mol)=> mKOH = 0,1 . 56=5,6 (g)
\(\Sigma\)nH2= 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,15 (mol)=> VA= 3,36 (l)
a) mNa=4,6g;mK=3,9g ( cái này bạn bik)
pt:\(2Na+2H_2O->2NaOH+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 ---------------------> 0,2--------->0,1 (mol)
\(2K+2H_2O->2KOH+H_2\uparrow\)
01,------------------->0,1-------------->0,05 ( mol)
VH2= (0,1+0,05).22,4=3,36lit
mNaOH=0,2.40=8g
mKOH=0,156=5,6g
b làm tương tự câu a
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
nH2 = 2.24/22.4 = 0.1 (mol)
Na + H2O => NaOH + 1/2 H2
0.2....................0.2..........0.1
mNa = 0.2 * 23 = 4.6 (g)
mNa2O = 17 - 4.6 = 12.4 (g)
nNa2O = 12.4/62 = 0.2 (mol)
Na2O + H2O => 2NaOH
0.2........................0.4
nNaOH = 0.2 + 0.4 = 0.6 (mol)
mNaOH = 0.6 * 40 = 24 (g)
nCuO = 24/80 = 0.3 (mol)
CuO + H2 -t0-> Cu + H2O
1...........1
0.3.........0.1
LTL : 0.3/1 > 0.1/1
=> CuO dư
nCu = nH2 = 0.1 (mol)
mCu = 0.1 * 64 = 6.4 (g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_K=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 23x + 39y = 12,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_K=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-0,2875\\y=0,4875\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đến đây thì ra số mol âm, bạn xem lại đề nhé.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_K=\dfrac{3,9}{39}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_K=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,1.23}{0,1.23+3,9}.100\%\approx37,1\%\\\%m_K\approx62,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{O_2}=\frac{1.68}{22.4}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Na+O_2\rightarrow2Na_2O\)
x \(\frac{1}{4}x\) \(\frac{1}{2}x\)
\(4K+O_2\rightarrow2K_2O\)
x \(\frac{1}{4}x\) \(\frac{1}{2}x\)
Theo bài ra ta có \(\begin{cases}23x+39y=10.1\\\frac{1}{4}x+\frac{1}{4}y=0.075\end{cases}\) \(\begin{cases}0.1\\0.2\end{cases}\)
\(m_{Na}=0.1\times23=2.3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_K=0.2\times39=7.8\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Na}=\frac{2.3}{10.1}\times100=22.7\%\)\(\%m_K=100\%-22.7\%=77.3\%\)
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,2\cdot23=4,6\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=6,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4\cdot40=16\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{Na}+n_{Na_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,3\cdot18=5,4\left(g\right)\)