Cho \(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}\) (ab và bc là số có 2 chữ số). Chứng minh : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Từ \(\frac{\overline{ab}}{a+b}=\frac{\overline{bc}}{b+c}\Rightarrow\left(10a+b\right).\left(b+c\right)=\left(10b+c\right).\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow10ab+b^2+10ac+bc=10ab+ac+10b^2+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow b^2+10ac=ac+10b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow10ac-ac=10b^2-b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow9ac=9b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow ac=b^2\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{\overline{ab}}{a+b}=\frac{\overline{bc}}{b+c}\)
<=> \(\frac{\overline{ab}}{\overline{bc}}=\frac{a+b}{b+c}\)
<=> \(\frac{a.10+b}{b.10+c}=\frac{a+b}{b+c}\)
Áp dụng dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a.10+b}{b.10+c}=\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{\left(10a+b\right)-\left(a+b\right)}{\left(10b+c\right)-\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{9a}{9b}=\frac{a}{b}\)
Áp dụng dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{a}{b}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)-a}{\left(b+c\right)-b}=\frac{b}{c}\)
=> \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunyakovsky, ta được: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab}{a^2+bc+ca}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab\left(b^2+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a^2+bc+ca\right)\left(b^2+bc+ca\right)}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab\left(b^2+bc+ca\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
Ta có: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab\left(b^2+bc+ca\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=\frac{ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=\frac{ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+2.a\sqrt{ab}.c\sqrt{ab}+2.a\sqrt{bc}.b\sqrt{bc}+2.c\sqrt{ca}.b\sqrt{ca}}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\le\frac{ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+a^3b+abc^2+a^2bc+b^3c+c^3a+ab^2c}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(a^2+bc+ca\right)\left(b^2+bc+ca\right)\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{a^2+bc+ca}\le\frac{ab\left(b^2+bc+ca\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{bc}{b^2+ca+ab}\le\frac{bc\left(c^2+ca+ab\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\) ; \(\frac{ac}{c^2+ab+bc}\le\frac{ac\left(a^2+ab+bc\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\le\frac{ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
\(VT\le\frac{ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+2.a\sqrt{ab}.c\sqrt{ab}+2a\sqrt{bc}.b\sqrt{bc}+2c\sqrt{ac}.b\sqrt{ac}}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
\(VT\le\frac{ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+a^3b+abc^2+b^3c+a^2bc+ac^3+ab^2c}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
\(VT\le\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(\frac{\overline{ab}}{a+b}=\frac{\overline{bc}}{b+c}\Rightarrow\frac{10a+b}{a+b}=\frac{10b+c}{b+c}\Rightarrow\left(10a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)=\left(10b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow10ab+b^2+10ac+bc=10ab+ac+10b^2+bc\Rightarrow9b^2=9ac\Rightarrow b^2=ac\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
vì \(a+b+c=1\)
\(< =>\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\)
\(=3+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{c}\)
\(=3+\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{ca}\)
ta có pt:
\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{1}{4}\left(3+\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{ca}\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}\)
áp dụng bđt cô- si( cauchy) gọi pt là P
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}}+2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}}+2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(P\ge2.\frac{1}{2}+2.\frac{1}{2}+2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(P\ge1+1+1+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{15}{4}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
<=>ĐPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(VT=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{ab+bc+ca}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(VT\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}+\frac{24\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có : \(\frac{\overline{ab}}{a+b}=\frac{\overline{bc}}{b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{10a+b}{a+b}=\frac{10b+c}{b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{9a}{a+b}=\frac{9b}{b+c}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{b}{b+c}\)
=> a(b + c) = b(a + b)
=> ab + ac = ab + bb
=> ac = bb
=> \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)