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11 tháng 7 2017

Kiến thức: Từ vựng

Giải thích:

possibly (adv): có thể

Khi đóng vai trò là trạng từ, “likely” được dùng trong hai trường hợp:

- as likely as not, most/very likely: rất có thể

- not likely!: không bao giờ (hoàn toàn không đồng ý với điều gì)

certainly (adv): chắc chắc

potentially (adv): có tiềm năng

Tạm dịch: Khi tỉnh dậy, anh nhận ra rằng những điều anh mơ ước không thể xảy ra.

Chọn A

19 tháng 6 2017

Chọn B.

Đáp án B.
Ta có cấu trúc: can/ could (not) + possibly + V(nguyên thể): nhấn mạnh khả năng có (không) thể xảy ra
Ngoài ra ta có:
- be likely to V: có thể làm gì (trong tương lai)
- certainly (adv): chắc chắn, nhất định
- potentially (adv): có tiềm năng
Dịch: Khi tỉnh dậy, anh ta nhận ra rằng những điều anh ta mơ thấy có thể sẽ chẳng bao giờ xảy ra.

22 tháng 7 2021

Peter missed the train because he woke up too late

->If Peter hadn't woken up too late, he wouldn't have missed the train

II. Read the text and choose the best options to answer the following questions. This is a story that Charlie Chaplin liked to tell about himself. It happened after the great actor had become internationally famous. A theater announced that a competition would be held to see who could act like Charlie Chaplin. Those taking part in it had to dress like Chaplin, walk like Chaplin and act one of the roles in a Charlie’s film. When Charlie Chaplin heard about the competition, he decided to take...
Đọc tiếp

II. Read the text and choose the best options to answer the following questions.
This is a story that Charlie Chaplin liked to tell about himself. It happened after the great actor had become internationally famous. A theater announced that a competition would be held to see who could act like Charlie Chaplin. Those taking part in it had to dress like Chaplin, walk like Chaplin and act one of the roles in a Charlie’s film.
When Charlie Chaplin heard about the competition, he decided to take part in the competition himself. Naturally he kept his plan a secret from everybody. When the results of the comptition were announced, Charlie said: “ I didn’t know whether to feel angry or only surprised. I didn’t win the first prize. But after thinking about it, I decided that it would be best to laugh”.
11. This is a story which ____________
A. was told by his friends. B. happened even he was not famous yet.
C. Charlie was fond of telling. D. was announced at the competition.
12. People who took part in the competition had to _______________
A. imitate Chaplin’s walking, dressing and acting.
B. keep a secret from other people.
C. sing a song.
D. be a great actor.
13. Charlin did not ________________________
A. take part in the competition. B. allow this competition to be held.
C. like a competition. D. tell anybody about his plan.
14. When the results of the comptition were announced _________
A. he was very surprised and angry.
B. he learnt that he had won the first prize.
C. he learnt that somebody else had won the first prize.
D. he learnt that his new film was a success.
15. When he learnt the news he decided ________
A. to keep a secret B. to laugh
C. to be angry D. not to take part in such a competition

1
1 tháng 4 2020

Giúp mik nhanh nhé mik sắp phải nộp bài rồi

 I. Choose the word or phrase – A, B, C or D – that needs correcting10. Hardly he had entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet.              A                               B                                     C                  D11. If I were a little taller I could be astronaut, but I don’t meet the height requirement.               A                                B            C                                                     D12. Today was such beautiful...
Đọc tiếp

 I. Choose the word or phrase – A, B, C or D – that needs correcting

10. Hardly he had entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet.

              A                               B                                     C                  D

11. If I were a little taller I could be astronaut, but I don’t meet the height requirement.

               A                                B            C                                                     D

12. Today was such beautiful day that I couldn’t bring myself to complete all my chores.

                                    A                                                     B             C                  D

13. Many people stop to smoke because they are afraid it may be harmful to their health.

        A                               B                      C                            D

14. A number of people still wants to apply for the position of accountant in that company.

            A                                   B                                C                                D

15. Energy exists in different forms, such as light, heat and chemical, mechanic, and electrical energy.

                             A                   B                                                                C                           D

 

0
Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng. 1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house. A. hadn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wasn't 2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work. A. wouldn't have been B. would have been C. wouldn’t be D. would be 3. If I _____, I would express my feelings. A. were asked B. would ask C. had been asked D. asked 4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded. A. she has done B. she had done C. she...
Đọc tiếp

Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng.

1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.

A. hadn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wasn't

2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.

A. wouldn't have been B. would have been

C. wouldn’t be D. would be

3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.

A. were asked B. would ask

C. had been asked D. asked

4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.

A. she has done B. she had done

C. she does D. she did

5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?

A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal

6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.

A. would have been / hadn't lied B. would be / didn't lie

C. will be / don't lie D. would be / hadn't lied

7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

A. would invest B. invested C. had invested D. invests

8. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.

A. wouldn’t advise B. won't advise

C. hadn't advised D. didn't advise

9. If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.

A. could have climbed B. climb

C. is climbing D. climbed

10. If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.

A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climb

11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night

A. had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have phoned

C. know / can phone D. knew / could phone

12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.

A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell

13. If you press that button what _____?

A. would happen B. would have happened

C. will happen D. happen

14. She says if she _____ that the traffic lights were red she _____.

A. had realized / would stop B. realized / could have stopped

C. has realized / stopped D. had realized / would have stopped

15. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.

A. stop B. had stopped C. will stop D. stopped

16. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.

A. had discovered / would inform

B. had discovered / would have informed

C. had discovered / could inform

D. discovered / can inform

17. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.

A. go / gave B. go / give

C. had gone / would have given D. went / would give

18. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.

A. was / answered B. were / would answer

C. were / would have answered D.had been / would have answered

19. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.

A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be

20. If Columbus _______ money from Queen Isabella, he _______ across the Atlantic.

A. do not receive / could not sail

B. had not received / might not have sailed

C. did not receive / might not have sailed

D. would not receive / might not sail

3
11 tháng 8 2017

Bài 3: Chọn đáp án đúng.

1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.

A. hadn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wasn't

2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.

A. wouldn't have been B. would have been

C. wouldn’t be D. would be

3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.

A. were asked B. would ask

C. had been asked D. asked

4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.

A. she has done B. she had done

C. she does D. she did

5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?

A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal

6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.

A. would have been / hadn't lied B. would be / didn't lie

C. will be / don't lie D. would be / hadn't lied

7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

A. would invest B. invested C. had invested D. invests

8. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.

A. wouldn’t advise B. won't advise

C. hadn't advised D. didn't advise

9. If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.

A. could have climbed B. climb

C. is climbing D. climbed

10. If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.

A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climb

11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night

A. had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have phoned

C. know / can phone D. knew / could phone

12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.

A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell

13. If you press that button what _____?

A. would happen B. would have happened

C. will happen D. happen

14. She says if she _____ that the traffic lights were red she _____.

A. had realized / would stop B. realized / could have stopped

C. has realized / stopped D. had realized / would have stopped

15. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.

A. stop B. had stopped C. will stop D. stopped

16. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.

A. had discovered / would inform

B. had discovered / would have informed

C. had discovered / could inform

D. discovered / can inform

17. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.

A. go / gave B. go / give

C. had gone / would have given D. went / would give

18. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.

A. was / answered B. were / would answer

C. were / would have answered D.had been / would have answered

19. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.

A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be

20. If Columbus _______ money from Queen Isabella, he _______ across the Atlantic.

A. do not receive / could not sail

B. had not received / might not have sailed

C. did not receive / might not have sailed

D. would not receive / might not sail

11 tháng 8 2017

1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.

A. hadn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wasn't

2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.

A. wouldn't have been B. would have been

C. wouldn’t be D. would be

3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.

A. were asked B. would ask

C. had been asked D. asked

4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.

A. she has done B. she had done

C. she does D. she did

5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?

A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal

6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.

A. would have been / hadn't lied B. would be / didn't lie

C. will be / don't lie D. would be / hadn't lied

7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

A. would invest B. invested C. had invested D. invests

8. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.

A. wouldn’t advise B. won't advise

C. hadn't advised D. didn't advise

9. If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.

A. could have climbed B. climb

C. is climbing D. climbed

10. If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.

A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climb

11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night

A. had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have phoned

C. know / can phone D. knew / could phone

12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.

A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell

13. If you press that button what _____?

A. would happen B. would have happened

C. will happen D. happen

14. She says if she _____ that the traffic lights were red she _____.

A. had realized / would stop B. realized / could have stopped

C. has realized / stopped D. had realized / would have stopped

15. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.

A. stop B. had stopped C. will stop D. stopped

16. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.

A. had discovered / would inform

B. had discovered / would have informed

C. had discovered / could inform

D. discovered / can inform

17. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.

A. go / gave B. go / give

C. had gone / would have given D. went / would give

18. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.

A. was / answered B. were / would answer

C. were / would have answered D.had been / would have answered

19. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.

A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be

20. If Columbus _______ money from Queen Isabella, he _______ across the Atlantic.

A. do not receive / could not sail

B. had not received / might not have sailed

C. did not receive / might not have sailed

D. would not receive / might not sail

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the

correct answer to each of the questions.

A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca – Cola, the world – famous carbonated soft drink.

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.

What does the author say about Teflon?

A. It is used for kitchenware nowadays.

B. It was created many years before Coca–Cola.

C. The man who made it was a pharmacist.

D. People first used it as a refrigeration device.

1
13 tháng 2 2019

Chọn A

    Tác giả nói gì về Teflon?

    A. Nó được sử dụng cho đồ dùng nhà bếp ngày nay.

    B. Nó được tạo ra nhiều năm trước khi Coca-Cola được tạo ra.

    C. Người đàn ông đã làm ra nó là một dược sĩ.

    D. Người đầu tiên sử dụng nó như là một thiết bị làm lạnh.

    Dẫn chứng: Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans.        

    Tạm dịch: Thay vào đó, ông đã phát minh ra Teflon, ngày nay được sử dụng phổ biến nhất để làm nồi và chảo không dính.                                                        

=> Đáp án A

DỊCH BÀI

Một số lượng lớn các phát minh đòi hỏi nhiều năm nghiên cứu và phát triển gian khổ trước khi chúng được hoàn thiện. Chẳng hạn, Thomas Edison đã phải thực hiện hơn 1.000 nỗ lực để phát minh ra bóng đèn sợi đốt trước khi cuối cùng ông thành công. Lịch sử là đầy đủ với nhiều ví dụ khác về những người đang cố gắng, nhưng không thể tạo ra các phát minh trước khi cuối cùng họ đã thành công. Tuy nhiên, một số phát minh đã xuất hiện không phải thông qua công việc khó khăn mà chỉ đơn giản là tình cờ.

Trong hầu hết các trường hợp, khi ai đó vô tình phát minh ra thứ gì đó, nhà phát minh đã cố gắng tạo ra thứ khác. Ví dụ, vào những năm 1930, nhà hóa học Roy Plunkett đã cố gắng tạo ra một chất mới có thể được sử dụng để làm lạnh các mặt hàng. Anh trộn một số hóa chất với nhau. Sau đó, anh cho chúng vào một thùng chứa có áp suất và làm nguội hỗn hợp. Đến khi thí nghiệm của anh hoàn thành, anh có một phát minh mới. Nó không phải là một chất mới có thể được sử dụng để làm lạnh. Thay vào đó, ông đã phát minh ra Teflon, ngày nay được sử dụng phổ biến nhất để làm nồi và chảo không dính. Tương tự, nhiều thập kỷ trước đó, John Pemberton là một dược sĩ ở Atlanta, Georgia. Ông đã cố gắng tạo ra một loại thuốc bổ mà mọi người có thể sử dụng bất cứ khi nào họ bị đau đầu. Trong khi anh ta không thành công trong nỗ lực đó, anh ta đã phát minh ra Coca - Cola, nước ngọt có ga nổi tiếng thế giới.

Các nhà khoa học cũng đã có những khám phá quan trọng một cách tình cờ khi họ đang tiến hành thí nghiệm. Năm 1928, Alexander Fleming đã phát hiện ra penicillin, một loại kháng sinh, theo cách này. Ông phát hiện ra một số nấm mốc phát triển trong một món ăn có một số vi khuẩn. Ông nhận thấy rằng vi khuẩn dường như đang tránh nấm mốc. Khi điều tra sâu hơn, ông đã xác định được một số trong nhiều đặc tính hữu ích của penicillin, thứ đã cứu sống hàng triệu người trong vài thập kỷ qua. Tương tự như vậy, vào năm 1946, nhà khoa học Percy Spencer đang tiến hành một thí nghiệm với vi sóng. Anh ta có một thanh kẹo trong túi, và anh ta nhận thấy rằng nó đột nhiên tan chảy. Ông đã điều tra và tìm hiểu lý do tại sao điều đó đã xảy ra. Ngay sau đó, anh đã chế tạo một thiết bị có thể sử dụng lò vi sóng để hâm nóng thức ăn. lò vi sóng.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca -Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink.

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.

What does the author imply about penicillin?

A. It is an invaluable medical supply

B. Mold combines with bacteria to make it

C. Some people are not affected by it

D. Doctors seldom use it nowadays

1
31 tháng 8 2017

Chọn A

Tác giả nghĩ gì về penicillin?

A. Nó là một nguồn cung cấp y tế vô giá.

B. Nấm mốc kết hợp với vi khuẩn đã tạo nó.

C. Một số người không bị ảnh hưởng bởi nó.

D. Các bác sĩ hiếm khi sử dụng nó ngày nay.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the

correct answer to each of the questions.

A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca – Cola, the world – famous carbonated soft drink.

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.

What does the author imply about penicillin?

A. It is an invaluable medical supply.

B. Mold combines with bacteria to make it. 

C. Some people are not affected by it.

D. Doctors seldom use it nowadays.

1
10 tháng 11 2018

 

Chọn A

    Tác giả có ngụ ý gì về penicillin?

    A. Là một nguồn cung cấp y tế vô giá.

    B. Khuôn kết hợp với vi khuẩn để tạo ra.

    C. Một số người không bị ảnh hưởng bởi nó.

    D. Các bác sĩ hiếm khi sử dụng nó ngày nay.

    Dẫn chứng: When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades.

    Tạm dịch: Khi điều tra sâu hơn, ông đã xác định được một số tính chất hữu ích của penicillin, thứ đã cứu sống hàng triệu người trong vài thập kỷ qua.

    => Đáp án A

 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca -Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink.

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.

What does the author say about Teflon?

A. It is used for kitchenware nowadays

B. It was created many years before Coca-Cola

C. The man who made it was a pharmacist

D. People first used it as a refrigeration device

1
23 tháng 7 2018

Chọn A

Tác giả nói gì về Teflon?

A. Nó được sử dụng cho đồ dùng nhà bếp ngày nay.

B. Nó được tạo ra nhiều năm trước Coca-Cola.

C. Một dược sĩ đã phát minh ra nó.

D. Đầu tiên nó được sử dụng như một thiết bị làm lạnh.

Tin tức khác với giải trí như thế nào? Hầu hết mọi người sẽ trả lời tin tức đó là có thật nhưng giải trí là hư cấu. Tuy nhiên, nếu chúng ta suy nghĩ cẩn thận hơn về tin tức, rõ ràng là tin tức không phải lúc nào cũng có thật. Tin tức không cho chúng ta thấy tất cả các sự kiện trong ngày, mà chỉ là những câu chuyện từ một số ít sự kiện được chọn. Việc tạo ra các câu chuyện tin tức có thể bị ràng buộc cụ thể, giống như việc tạo ra các tác phẩm hư cấu. Có nhiều ràng buộc, nhưng ba trong số những yếu tố quan trọng nhất là: tính thương mại, công thức câu chuyện và nguồn. Báo chí, đài phát thanh và đài truyền hình là các doanh nghiệp, tất cả đều là những đối thủ cạnh tranh khán giả và doanh thu quảng cáo. Lượng thời gian mà đài truyền hình trung bình dành cho chương trình phát sóng tin tức đã tăng đều đặn trong năm mươi năm qua - phần lớn là vì tin tức tương đối rẻ để sản xuất, nhưng lại bán rất nhiều quảng cáo. Một số chương trình phát sóng tin tức tự trở thành quảng cáo. Ví dụ, trong một tuần vào năm 1996 khi mạng CBS của Mỹ phát sóng một bộ phim về việc đánh chìm Titanic, tin tức của CBS đã chạy chín câu chuyện về sự kiện đó (đã xảy ra 84 năm trước). Mạng ABC thuộc sở hữu của Disney Studios và thường xuyên sử dụng các tin bài về Chuột Mickey. Hơn nữa, động cơ lợi nhuận thúc đẩy các tổ chức tin tức chú ý nhiều hơn đến những câu chuyện có khả năng tạo ra một lượng lớn khán giả và bỏ qua những câu chuyện có thể quan trọng nhưng buồn tẻ. Nhu cầu giải trí này đã tạo ra những câu chuyện ngắn hơn, đơn giản hơn. tập trung nhiều hơn vào những người nổi tiếng hơn là con người, tập trung vào tin đồn hơn là tin tức, và tập trung hơn vào các sự kiện kịch tính hơn là các vấn đề sắc thái.

Là những người bận rộn dưới áp lực không ngừng để sản xuất, các nhà báo không thể dành nhiều ngày để lao công viết những câu chuyện. Thay vào đó, họ phụ thuộc vào công thức câu chuyện nhất định, mà họ có thể tái sử dụng một lần nữa và một lần nữa. Một ví dụ được gọi là kim tự tháp ngược. Trong công thức này, nhà báo đưa thông tin quan trọng nhất vào đầu câu chuyện, hơn là thêm thông tin quan trọng tiếp theo, v.v. Kim tự tháp ngược bắt nguồn từ thời đại của điện báo, ý tưởng cho rằng nếu đường dây đã chết nửa chừng qua câu chuyện, nhà báo sẽ biết rằng thông tin quan trọng nhất ít nhất đã được chuyển tiếp. Các nhà báo hiện đại vẫn coi trọng công thức vì một lý do tương tự. Biên tập viên của họ sẽ cắt những câu chuyện nếu họ quá dài. Một công thức khác liên quan đến việc giảm một câu chuyện phức tạp thành một cuộc xung đột đơn giản. Ví dụ tốt nhất là cuộc chạy đua tranh cử. Sự giải thích thấu đáo về các vấn đề và quan điểm của các ứng viên rất phức tạp. Do đó, các nhà báo tập trung nhiều hơn vào việc ai là kẻ chiến thắng trong các cuộc thăm dò ý kiến, và liệu kẻ yếu thế hơn có thể bắt kịp hơn là các mục tiêu chiến dịch của các chính trị gia đề ra.

“Nguồn” là một hạn chế khác đối với những gì các nhà báo đang theo dõi và cách họ theo dõi chúng. Các nguồn chi phối cho tin tức là các nhân viên thông tin công đồng trong các doanh nghiệp và văn phòng chính phủ. Phần lớn các nhân viên như vậy luôn cố gắng chúng minh rằng họ là những chuyên gia đủ điều kiện để cung cấp thông tin cho các nhà báo. Làm thế nào để các nhà báo biết ai là một chuyên gia? Nói chung, họ không biết. Họ sử dụng các “nguồn” không phải trên cơ sở chuyên môn thực tế, mà là sự xuất hiện của chuyên gia và sự sẵn sàng để chia sẻ nó. Tất cả các tổ chức tin tức lớn sử dụng một số “nguồn” giống nhau (nhiều người trong số họ vô danh), vì vậy cùng một loại câu chuyện lại luôn nhận được sự chú ý. Theo thời gian, các nhà báo thậm chí có thể trở thành bạn thân với người cung cấp thông tin của họ, và họ ngừng tìm kiếm các quan điểm khác. Kết quả là bài viết có xu hướng hẹp, đồng nhất.